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System design of programmable 4f phase modulation techniques for rapid intensity shaping - a conceptual comparison

机译：用于快速强度整形的可编程4f相位调制技术的系统设计-概念比较

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摘要

The present study analyses three beam shaping approaches with respect to a light-efficient generation of ⅰ) patterns and ⅱ) multiple spots by means of a generic optical 4f-setup. 4f approaches share the property that due to the one-to-one relationship between output intensity and input phase, the need for time-consuming, iterative calculation can be avoided. The resulting low computational complexity offers a particular advantage compared to the widely used holographic principles and makes them potential candidates for real-time applications. The increasing availability of high-speed phase modulators, e.g. on the basis of MEMS, calls for an evaluation of the performances of these concepts. Our second interest is the applicability of 4f methods to high-power applications. We discuss the variants of 4f intensity shaping by phase modulation from a system-level point of view which requires the consideration of application relevant boundary conditions. The discussion includes ⅰ) the micro mirror based phase manipulation combined with amplitude masking in the Fourier plane, ⅱ) the Generalized Phase Contrast, and ⅲ) matched phase-only correlation filtering combined with GPC. The conceptual comparison relies on comparative figures of merit for energy efficiency, pattern homogeneity, pattern image quality, maximum output intensity and flexibility with respect to the displayable pattern. Numerical simulations illustrate our findings.
机译：本研究通过一种通用的光学4f设置，分析了三种光束整形方法，分别针对ⅰ）模式和ⅱ）多点的光有效生成。 4f方法的共同之处在于，由于输出强度和输入相位之间是一对一的关系，因此可以避免耗时的迭代计算。与广泛使用的全息原理相比，由此产生的低计算复杂度提供了特别的优势，并使它们成为实时应用的潜在候选者。高速相位调制器的可用性不断提高，例如基于MEMS，要求对这些概念的性能进行评估。我们的第二个兴趣是4f方法在大功率应用中的适用性。我们从系统级的角度讨论通过相位调制进行4f强度整形的变体，这需要考虑应用相关的边界条件。讨论内容包括：ⅰ）基于微镜的相位处理与傅立叶平面中的幅度掩膜相结合；ⅱ）广义相位对比度；ⅲ）与GPC相结合的仅匹配相位相关滤波。概念上的比较取决于能源效率，图案均匀性，图案图像质量，最大输出强度和相对于可显示图案的灵活性的比较优点。数值模拟说明了我们的发现。

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