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LARGE-SCALE VARIABILITY OF WEATHER DEPENDENT RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

机译：取决于天气的可再生能源的大型可变性

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The fluctuation of photovoltaic and wind power generation is directly related to the weather variability. In this study, 8 years of data from a weather model were used to simulate the spatial and temporal characteristics of photovoltaic and wind power generation in Europe. Imbalances in the power system between photovoltaic (PV) plus wind power generation and consumption are investigated in a full (energy) supply scenario. Two different approaches in spatial aggregation are analyzed (i) unlimited cross-border power flows to simulate one European control zone and (ii) no cross-border power flows, i.e. deviations between generation and consumption are balanced on a regional level. On all investigated time scales the fluctuation of imbalances can be reduced by 50% in a common European control zone, i.e. power flows smooth out spatial differences in PV and wind power generation on a European wide grid very effectively. Consequently, less energy from storage facilities is required to meet imbalances, e.g. storage losses are reduced by about 50%. The optimal mix between PV and wind energy in the power system depends on the time scale. While on the monthly time scale roughly 40% of PV is favourable to minimize the variance of imbalances, the optimal share of PV is only 20% on the hourly time scale, because of the strong impact of the diurnal cycle on PV generation.
机译：光伏发电和风力发电的波动直接与天气变化有关。在这项研究中，使用了8年的天气模型数据来模拟欧洲光伏和风力发电的时空特征。在完全（能源）供应情况下，研究了光伏系统（PV）加上风力发电与能耗之间电力系统的不平衡。分析了两种不同的空间聚集方法（i）无限的跨境潮流模拟一个欧洲控制区；（ii）无跨境潮流，即发电和消费之间的偏差在区域级别上得到平衡。在所有调查的时间尺度上，在欧洲共同的控制区内，不平衡的波动可以减少50％，即，电力流可以非常有效地消除欧洲范围内光伏发电和风力发电的空间差异。因此，需要较少的来自存储设施的能量来满足不平衡，例如。存储损失减少了约50％。电力系统中光伏和风能之间的最佳混合取决于时间范围。在月度时间尺度上，约40％的PV有利于最大程度地减少失衡的变化，但由于昼夜周期对PV产生的强烈影响，PV的最佳份额在小时时间尺度上仅为20％。

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