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首页> 外文会议>Managing Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources: Adaptation Issues, Options, and Strategies >ASSESSING WATER ADAPTATIONS DETERMINING COPING RANGES TO THE 2001-2002 DROUGHT
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ASSESSING WATER ADAPTATIONS DETERMINING COPING RANGES TO THE 2001-2002 DROUGHT

机译：评估水适应性和确定2001-2002年干旱的范围

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Canada’s drought years of 2001 and 2002 brought devastating impacts to many sectors of the economy, posed considerablernadaptation challenges, and made history. This rare coast-to-coast drought struck areas that were less accustomed to droughts,rnand brought drought intensities not recorded for at least a hundred years. Agricultural production in Canada dropped anrnestimated $3.6 billion (CDN) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) fell $5.8 billion (CDN) in 2001 and 2002. Devastatingrncrop production losses affected a wide variety of crops across Canada, especially in 2001. Livestock production wasrnespecially impacted and herd reduction was widespread. Previously reliable water supplies were heavily stressed and somernfailed. Adaptations used to deal with the drought were costly and several were limited in their effectiveness. The climaternchange adaptation literature often assumes perfect adaptation will occur, with farmers and water resource managers knowingrnexactly how to take advantage of information. In reality, many adaptation measures are recommended, but implementationrnof these measures are constrained by factors such as finances, knowledge, technology, and personal preferences. Very littlernresearch has been done in Canada and other countries to document and evaluate the effectiveness of actual adaptation optionsrnimplemented by the agricultural and water resource sectors. Multi-year droughts are especially difficult to deal with as theyrnrequire much more awareness, resources, capability and innovation than single year droughts. They can also cause impacts inrnnon-farm sectors, and result in longer, more difficult recoveries. The effectiveness of adaptation measures needs to bernevaluated to improve adaptation to future severe droughts. Such evaluations also allow us to estimate actual adaptiverncapacity and to help improve modeling of future adaptation. Our Agricultural Drought Adaptation (ADA) project helps tornaddress these vital information gaps. The purpose of this project was to improve the understanding of current adaptationrnprocesses and options used in Canadian agriculture. Adaptive measures and options used during the 2001 and 2002 droughtrnwere documented and compared using several methods. This approach enabled us to compare adaptation in differentrnagricultural regions. We also explored the effectiveness of adaptation by examining criteria such as residual negativernimpacts, positive impacts, opportunities and barriers, mal-adaptations, efficiencies and innovations. The InstitutionalrnAdaptations to Climate Change (IACC) work built upon the ADA project by examining six prairie communities andrndetermining how they were impacted by the 2001 and 2002 drought and how these communities adapted to the extremerndrought situation.
机译：加拿大2001年和2002年的干旱年给经济的许多部门带来了毁灭性的影响，带来了巨大的适应挑战，并创造了历史。这种罕见的从海岸到海岸的干旱袭击了不习惯干旱的地区，并带来了至少一百年来未记录的干旱强度。加拿大的农业产量在2001年和2002年下降了36亿加元，国内生产总值下降了58亿加元。毁灭性的农作物减产影响了加拿大各地的多种农作物，尤其是在2001年。畜牧业受到了特别的影响，减少牧群的现象很普遍。以前可靠的供水压力很大，出现了故障。用于应对干旱的适应措施成本高昂，其中几种措施的有效性受到限制。气候变化适应文献通常假设完全适应将发生，农民和水资源管理者确切地知道如何利用信息。实际上，建议采取许多适应措施，但这些措施的实施受到财务，知识，技术和个人偏好等因素的限制。加拿大和其他国家很少进行研究来记录和评估由农业和水资源部门实施的实际适应方案的有效性。多年干旱特别难以处理，因为与单年干旱相比，它们需要更多的意识，资源，能力和创新。它们还会对非农业部门造成影响，并导致更长，更困难的恢复。需要重新评估适应措施的有效性，以改善对未来严重干旱的适应性。这种评估还使我们能够估计实际的适应能力，并有助于改进未来适应性的建模。我们的农业干旱适应（ADA）项目有助于消除这些重要的信息缺口。该项目的目的是增进对加拿大农业目前使用的适应过程和选择的理解。记录并比较了2001年和2002年干旱期间使用的适应措施和选项。这种方法使我们能够比较不同农业地区的适应性。我们还通过检查标准来探索适应的有效性，这些标准包括残留的负面影响，正面影响，机会和障碍，适应不良，效率和创新。适应气候变化的机构（IACC）工作是在ADA项目的基础上进行的，方法是检查六个草原社区并确定它们如何受到2001和2002年干旱的影响以及这些社区如何适应极端干旱的情况。

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