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MARINE DESIGN ASPECTS OF LARGE OFFSHORE MODULES

机译：大型海上模块的海洋设计方面

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This paper investigates the marine design aspects of large offshore modules. Lifted modules up to 10;;900 tonnes are considered. In addition;; float-over modules up to 24;;000 tonnes are included in the paper. The advantages and disadvantages of different load-out methods by trailer;; skidding or lifting are discussed. Transportation on cargo barges and on self-propelled heavy transport vessels are compared. The paper covers the subjects of intact stability;; damage stability;; ballast distribution;; barge bending;; local strength;; motions in waves and possible slam and fatigue during transport. The lifting of modules is restricted by available crane capacity. However;; these operations are sensitive to weather criteria which has consequences for the scheduling. Maximum lift weights are presented for high volume living quarter modules and very compact process modules. The key to maximising the lift capacity is to minimise the lifting radius and ensure that the lift points are placed in the optimum position with respect to the package centre of gravity. The lift radius is minimised by ensuring that all major layout decisions incorporate the needs of platform installation. Float-over installation requirements are considered for fixed and floating structures. The requirements for ballasting;; mooring and fenders are discussed. The accuracy of the overall topside weight estimate is also important in maximising the package lift weight. Consequently;; allowances and contingencies must be reduced to the minimum practical values consistent with the level of definition of the component weights.
机译：本文研究了大型海上模块的海洋设计方面。已考虑将起重模块提升至10 ;; 900吨。此外;;纸中包括多达24 ;; 000吨的浮球模块。拖车采用不同的上车方法的优缺点；侧滑或举升进行了讨论。比较了货船和自行式重型运输船上的运输。该文件涵盖了完整稳定性的主题；破坏稳定性；压载分布；驳船弯曲；地方实力；波浪运动以及运输过程中可能发生的猛击和疲劳。模块的举升受到可用起重机容量的限制。然而;;这些操作对天气标准很敏感，这会对调度产生影响。对于大容量生活区模块和非常紧凑的过程模块，提出了最大的举升重量。最大提升能力的关键是最小化提升半径，并确保提升点相对于包装重心位于最佳位置。通过确保所有主要的布局决策都考虑到平台安装的需求，将举升半径最小化。固定和浮动结构均应考虑浮动安装要求。压载要求；系泊和护舷进行了讨论。顶侧总重量估算的准确性对于最大化包裹提升重量也很重要。所以;;必须将津贴和应急费用降低到与组分重量的定义水平相一致的最小实际值。

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