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Optimization of peak kilovoltage and spectral shape for digital mammography

机译：数字乳腺摄影的峰值千伏电压和频谱形状的优化

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Abstract: X-ray mammography is one of the most demanding radiological techniques, simultaneously requiring excellent image quality and low dose to the breast. In current mammographic practice, both image quality and dose are found to vary over a wide range of values. Previous attempts to define the optimum operating parameters for mammography systems have been limited due to the lack of realistic attenuation coefficients and absorbed dose data. These data are now available, and have been incorporated into an energy transport model which describes the image acquisition process. The model includes measured x-ray spectra and considers beam filtration, breast thickness and composition, lesion size and composition, scatter, grid transmission, and the production and propagation of light in a phosphor-based image receptor. The applied kilovoltage for molybdenum and tungsten target x-ray sources with various spectral filters and average breast composition (50% adipose, 50% fibroglandular) has been optimized with respect to signal-to-noise ratio and absorbed dose and was found to vary between 19 and 29 kVp as breast thickness increased from 4 to 8 cm. Preliminary results for various breast compositions and lesions, and experimental verification of the model are presented. The model may be extended to include either mammographic film or new detector designs for digital mammography. !21
机译：摘要：X射线乳房摄影是最苛刻的放射技术之一，同时要求出色的图像质量和低剂量的乳房。在当前的乳房X线照相术实践中，发现图像质量和剂量在很大的值范围内变化。由于缺乏实际的衰减系数和吸收的剂量数据，以前为乳腺X线摄影系统定义最佳操作参数的尝试受到了限制。这些数据现在可用，并已合并到描述图像采集过程的能量传输模型中。该模型包括测量的X射线光谱，并考虑光束过滤，乳房厚度和成分，病变大小和成分，散射，网格透射以及基于磷光体的图像接收器中光的产生和传播。对于具有各种光谱滤光片和平均乳房组成（50％脂肪，50％纤维状腺体）的钼和钨靶x射线源所施加的千伏电压，已针对信噪比和吸收剂量进行了优化，发现在随着胸部厚度从4厘米增加到8厘米，19和29 kVp。介绍了各种乳房成分和病变的初步结果，并对模型进行了实验验证。该模型可以扩展为包括乳房X线摄影胶片或用于数字乳房X线摄影的新检测器设计。 ！21

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