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Phase-center effects on wide-band horn pattern measurements in small anechoic chambers

机译：小消声室内宽带喇叭图案测量中的相位中心效应

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The use of large feed horns is well known, with reference to satellite ground station reflector antennas. These antennas essentially produce high gain pencil beams. Due to the use of shaped reflectors for satellite contour beam applications there is renewed interest in large primary feeds such as corrugated horns, trifurcated horns and pyramidal horns. Due to the sensitivity of the large contour beams with reference to the incident feed illumination, it is necessary to characterize these primary feeds very accurately. The theoretical radiation patterns are used for synthesizing the shape of the reflector. Once the shaped reflector is fabricated, very limited mechanisms are available in a shaped reflector system to compensate for the imperfections in the measured feed radiation pattern. Thus, it is necessary to verify the feed radiation patterns in amplitude and phase by measurements before integrating the feed with the shaped reflector. This paper discusses a few precautions to be undertaken while carrying out radiation pattern measurements on these large feeds. In many C-band shaped reflector antennas the feeds are required to operate over the transmit (3.6-4.2 GHz) and receive (5.85-6.425 GHz) bands. These feeds are about about 10 to 15" in diameter and are characterized by large variations in phase centers over the frequency band. This variation leads to an interesting phenomena while carrying out measurements in small anechoic chambers which are commonly used for feed horn measurements. The variation in phase centers requires a correction to the measured radiation pattern which is described. Failure to do so will lead to erroneous radiation patterns as illustrated.
机译：相对于卫星地面站反射器天线，大号角的使用是众所周知的。这些天线实质上产生高增益笔形波束。由于在卫星轮廓光束应用中使用了定型反射镜，因此人们对大型初级进给设备产生了新的兴趣，例如波纹形喇叭，三叉形喇叭和金字塔形喇叭。由于大轮廓光束相对于入射进给照明的灵敏度，因此必须非常准确地表征这些一次进给。理论辐射图用于合成反射镜的形状。一旦成形了反射器，就可以在反射器系统中使用非常有限的机制来补偿所测得的进给辐射图的缺陷。因此，在将馈源与成形反射器集成之前，有必要通过测量来验证馈源辐射图的幅度和相位。本文讨论了对这些大型饲料进行辐射方向图测量时应采取的一些预防措施。在许多C波段形状的反射器天线中，要求馈源在发射（3.6-4.2 GHz）和接收（5.85-6.425 GHz）波段上工作。这些馈源的直径大约为10到15“，其特征是整个频带上的相位中心存在很大的变化。这种变化会在一个通常用于馈电喇叭测量的小型消声室中进行测量时导致一种有趣的现象。相中心的变化需要校正所描述的测得的辐射图，否则将导致如图所示的错误辐射图。

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