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The Development of Integrated Navigation Systems

机译：综合导航系统的开发

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The first radar system in German, a DECCA 195 B has been installed in 1950 on Tanker Lacklan by DEBEG. The first position receiver DECCA/Mark V followed shortly afterwards. These were independent stand-alone units. The first integration took place about 30 years later with the connection of the Gyro to the radar by a rotary current interface. Now the radar video was stabilized and target tracking was possible. Only a few years later the first standard for digital navigation data interfaces (NMEA 0183) was introduced. It is the backbone for any integration of navigation systems until today. About 1990 integration gathered momentum and also ECDIS was developed. At that time ATLAS Marine (today SAM) introduced its NACOS xx-2 series, a combination of radar, ECDIS and conning information on one monitor. The video output of a radar prozessor and an ECDIS processor were merged as overlays on one monitor. All sensor data were fed in by NMEA interfaces. Each new NACOS series offered a step forward in terms of integration (i.e. AIS, VDR, NAVTEX). The actual series NACOS Platinum is offering a combined application for collision avoidance (radar), route monitoring (ECDIS), and also machinery control (MCS) on one HW platform. As a result of the standard operating system a growing range of other applications can be used on this platform in the background as well. Workstations can be connected by Ethernet forming a ring network. The next integration step will be threefold, first an emergency back-up bridge at a different and safe location on-board will be added, second a ship wide navigation and safety network will be established to integrate the emergency bridge and to simplify sensor data collection, and finally the bridge will be connected to the shore side for route exchange, ice charts, berthing places etc. This step will be undertaken in-line with the IMO work on e-navigation and is funded by the German Ministry of Economics as a joint project called MarNet. Partners are Meyer Ship Yard, Technical University Hamburg-Harburg, University Jena, and Raytheon Anschuetz.
机译：德国的第一个雷达系统，195年的DECCA 195 B已经安装在1950年，在Debeg的油轮废弃。第一位置接收器DECCA / MARK V之后不久之后。这些是独立独立单位。第一次整合大约30年后，通过旋转电流接口将陀螺仪连接到雷达。现在雷达视频被稳定并且目标跟踪是可能的。仅几年后，介绍了数字导航数据接口（NMEA 0183）的第一个标准。直到今天，它是导航系统的任何集成的骨干。大约1990年集成聚集了势头，也开发了ECDI。此时，Atlas Marine（今天Sam）介绍了其Nacos XX-2系列，雷达，ECDIS和一个显示器的凝固信息的组合。雷达提文的视频输出和ECDIS处理器被合并为一个显示器上的叠加层。所有传感器数据都被NMEA界面送入。每个新的Nacos系列在集成方面提供了一步（即AIS，VDR，Navtex）。实际系列Nacos Platinum正在为一个HW平台提供碰撞避免（雷达），路径监测（ECDIS）以及机械控制（MCS）的组合应用。由于标准操作系统的结果，也可以在背景中使用越来越多的其他应用范围。工作站可以通过以太网连接形成环网络。下一个集成步骤将是三倍，首先将添加一个紧急备用桥，在板上的不同和安全的位置，第二艘船舶宽导航和安全网络将建立集成紧急桥梁并简化传感器数据收集最后，这座桥将连接到岸边的路线交换，冰图表，停泊处等。此步骤将在线上与IMO在电子航行上进行，由德国经济部资助作为一个联合项目名为Marnet。合作伙伴是迈耶船院，技术大学汉堡 - 哈尔堡，大学耶拿和雷神anschuetz。

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