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Reasoning With Qualitative Probabilities Can Be Tractable

机译:具有定性概率的推理是可行的

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We recently described a formalism for reasoning with if-then rules that are expressed with different levels of firmness [18]. The formalism interprets these rules as extreme conditional probability statements, specifying orders of magnitude of disbelief, which impose constraints over possible rankings of worlds. It was shown that, once we compute a priority function Z~+ on the rules, the degree to which a given query is confirmed or denied can be computed in O(log n.) proposi-tional satisfiability tests, where n is the number of rules in the knowledge base. In this paper, we show that computing Z~+ requires O(n~2 × log n) satisfiability tests, not an exponential number as was conjectured in [18], which reduces to polynomial complexity in the case of Horn expressions. We also show how reasoning with imprecise observations can be incorporated in our formalism and how the popular notions of belief revision and epistemic entrenchment are embodied naturally and tractably.
机译:我们最近描述了用if-then规则进行推理的形式主义,该规则以不同程度的坚定性表示[18]。形式主义将这些规则解释为极端条件概率陈述,指定难以置信的数量级,这对可能的世界排名施加了限制。结果表明,一旦我们在规则上计算了优先级函数Z〜+,就可以在O(log n。)比例可满足性测试中计算确认或拒绝给定查询的程度,其中n是数字知识库中的规则。在本文中,我们表明计算Z〜+需要O(n〜2×log n)可满足性测试,而不是像[18]中所推测的那样是指数数,这在Horn表达式的情况下降低了多项式的复杂度。我们还展示了如何将带有不精确观察结果的推理纳入我们的形式主义中,以及如何将流行的信念修正和认知根深蒂固的观念自然而轻松地体现出来。

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