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首页> 外文会议>International topical meeting on nuclear thermal hydraulics, operations and safety;NUTHOS-5 >Experimental study on transition from pressurized to boiling operation of heating reactor
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Experimental study on transition from pressurized to boiling operation of heating reactor

机译：加热反应堆从加压运行到沸腾运行的实验研究

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An experimental simulation study on the transition from pressurized to boiling operation of a low--temperature, natural circulation nuclear heating reactor (5--MW developed by INET of Tsinghua University, Beijing, PR. China) is presented. The experiment was performed on the test loop (HRTL--5), which simulates the geometry and system design of the 5--MW reactor. The manifestation of different kinds of two--phase flow instabilities, namely geysering, flashing instability and low--steam quality density wave instability on the transition from pressurized to boiling operation is described. The mechanism of flashing instability, which has never been studied well on this field, is especially interpreted. Based on the study of these instabilities, it is suggested that the start--up process, from initial condition to boiling operation condition, should consist of three steps: (1) increasing of initial pressure by means of a noncondensable gas (N_2), which is a very effective method to eliminate geysering and flashing instability at lower pressure. (2) start--up of the reactor at this pressurized condition with a constant heat flux under the limited value of q=0.15 MWm~-2, which controls the exit temperature of the heated section below the one of net vapor generation, the low steam quality density wave oscillation can be avoided. Thus the pressurized operation condition can be obtained through adjusting the heat flux and inlet subcooling to their designed value at the same pressure level. (3) transition to a lower pressure, boiling operation. Three transition methods are discussed. As a result of these studies, the method of transition with low--heat flux and low--inlet subcooling is proposed: at pressurized operation condition, by reducing the heat flux to its lowest level, releasing the noncondensable gas and increasing the heat flux gradually (dq/dt <3 kWm~-2min~-1), during which the low-steam quality density wave oscillation can be prevented from occurring, then the boiling operation condition can be achieved through adjusting the heat flux and inlet subcooling to their designed value. A stable transition from pressurized to boiling operation of the 5--MW reactor is achieved by careful selection of the thermohydraulic parameters.
机译：进行了低温自然循环核加热反应堆（由清华大学INET开发的5-MW）从加压运行到沸腾过渡的实验模拟研究。实验是在测试回路（HRTL--5）上进行的，该回路模拟了5兆瓦反应堆的几何形状和系统设计。描述了在从加压运行到沸腾运行的过渡过程中，两种类型的两相流不稳定性的表现，即间歇性，闪动不稳定性和低蒸汽质量密度波不稳定性。特别说明了从未在该领域进行过深入研究的闪烁不稳定性机理。根据对这些不稳定性的研究，建议从初始状态到沸腾操作状态的启动过程应包括三个步骤：（1）通过不可冷凝气体（N_2）来提高初始压力;这是消除低压下的间歇性和闪蒸不稳定性的非常有效的方法。 （2）在此加压条件下以恒定的热通量在q = 0.15 MWm〜-2的极限值下启动反应器，这将加热段的出口温度控制在净蒸汽产生量以下，可以避免低蒸汽质量密度波振荡。因此，通过在相同的压力水平下将热通量和入口过冷调节至其设计值，可以获得加压运行条件。 （3）过渡到较低压力，沸腾运转。讨论了三种过渡方法。作为这些研究的结果，提出了低热通量和低入口过冷过渡的方法：在加压运行条件下，通过将热通量降低到最低水平，释放不凝性气体并增加热通量来实现。逐渐地（dq / dt <3 kWm〜-2min〜-1），在此期间可以防止低蒸汽质量密度波振荡的发生，然后通过调节热通量和进口过冷来达到沸腾运行条件。设计值。通过仔细选择热工水力参数，可以使5-MW反应堆从加压运行稳定过渡到沸腾运行。

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