Solid and high-viscous bitumen shows of different composition and occurrence conditions are found by the analysis of core samples from the Devonian terrigenous reservoir layers at the oil fields of Tatarstan. The study of bituminous and saturated heavy oil sands by thermal analysis, infra-red spectroscopy and EPR- pectroscopy shows that every group of samples is characterized by specific, distinctive properties. Obviously, the individuality of heavy oil and/or bitumen composition is caused in the groups of samples by natural factors: the compositions of initial (primary) oil in forming deposit and light hydrocarbons migrating into it, a time of oil-water contact stabilization, paleodynamics and so on. It is assumed that the beds with highly plastic bitumen revealing the different levels of oil-water contact stabilization contain no insoluble organic matter and could be even developed by applying some organic solvents. At the same time, solid bitumen transformed in natural conditions could be developed neither by exploitation techniques applied at the considered oil fields nor by enchanced oil recovery methods.
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