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The state of occupational ergonomics in the US twin-plant industry in mexico

机译：墨西哥美国双植物产业的职业人机工程学现状

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The American twin-plant industry along the El Paso, Texas and Cd. Juarez, Mexico border is rapidly changing the traditional role of an operator involved in manual assembly tasks. In the electronics assembly industry in particular, operators are faced with challenges that come along with newer technology (e.g. component miniaturization, etc.). The electronics assembly industries in the U.S. twin-plants in Mexico are also introducing a higher level of operator involvement in the productionprocesses. The physiological, biomechanical and cognitive aspects of manual electronics assembly have thus been gaining the interest of the twin-plant or maquiladora industry, as a cost reduction, and throughput and yield improvement tool. These ergonomic aspects are also of concern to the Mexican Department of Labor, who is responsible for occupational safety policy and administration. This has resulted in the concurrent interest of identifying and minimizing the ergonomic risk factors that affect throughput and yield and minimize or eliminate occupational disorder risks. In spite of the manufacturing automation available (e.g., automated glue dispensers, computer vision systems, etc. in the area of electronics assembly), it is expected that human assembly is likely to persist due to the high flexibility that characterizes human performance. This paper addresses Mexican occupational safety low, and the physiological, biomechanical and cognitive risk factors that affect throughput and yield. A case study of an electronics assembler in the maquiladora industry that successfully undertook an ergonomic re-design is presented. The results indicate that through very modest expenditure, the impact of these risk factors (identified by Mexican occupational policy) on the electronics assembly workforce was significantly minimized, with impressive throughput and yield gains.
机译：埃尔帕索，得克萨斯州和镉沿美国的双植物产业。墨西哥华雷斯的边界正在迅速改变从事手工装配任务的操作员的传统角色。特别是在电子组装行业中，操作员面临着更新技术带来的挑战（例如，组件小型化等）。美国在墨西哥的双工厂的电子装配行业也在生产过程中引入了更高水平的操作员参与度。因此，作为成本降低，产量和产量提高的工具，手动电子组装的生理，生物力学和认知方面已经引起了双工厂或加工厂的兴趣。这些符合人体工程学的方面也受到负责职业安全政策和行政管理的墨西哥劳工部的关注。这引起了同时的兴趣，即确定和最小化影响吞吐量和产量的人机工程学风险因素，并最小化或消除职业病风险。尽管存在可用的制造自动化（例如，电子组装领域中的自动胶水分配器，计算机视觉系统等），但是由于表征人类性能的高灵活性，预计人类组装可能会持续。本文论述了墨西哥的职业安全性低下，以及影响生产量和产量的生理，生物力学和认知风险因素。本文介绍了一个成功地进行了人体工程学重新设计的机械制造商在马其拉多行业的案例研究。结果表明，通过非常适度的支出，这些风险因素（由墨西哥职业政策确定）对电子组装劳动力的影响就被大大降低了，从而显着提高了产量和产量。

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