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Natural attenuation of phenolic compounds in a deep sandstone aquifer

机译：深层砂岩含水层中酚类化合物的自然衰减

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The development and application of nocel, low-cost, high-resolution, multilevel groundwater sampling technology for the assessment of natural attenuation of a complex mixture of phenolic compounds (phenol, cresols, xylenols) in a deep, consolidated, UK Triassic Sandstone aquifer is described. The contaminant plume contains organic and inorganic components from four waste streams. Contaminant distributions in the plume are controlled more by a complex source history, involving episodic release of pulsed inputs, than by in situ degradation processes. Degradation of the phenolic compounds in the aquifer is occurring under aerobic, NO_C-reducing, Mn/Fe-reducing, SO_4-reducing and methanogenic conditions. The production of inorganic and organic metabolites of phenolic degradation demonstrates contaminant mass reduction but also indicates that the potential for degradation is strongly dependent on contaminant concentration and oxidant bioavailability. Microbiological and mass balance studies show that degradation is greatest at teh plume fringe where contaminant concentrations are diluted by transverse mixing and aqueous oxidant flux is high. Degradation elsewhere in the plume is significantly inhibited by toxicity from contaminant concentrations (up to 12,500mg/L). The aquifer is not oxidant limited but the plume is likely to grow under the present conditions. Natural attenuation of these contaminants will increase only after increased dilution of the plume.
机译：低成本，高分辨率，高分辨率的多层地下水采样技术的开发和应用，用于评估深层固结英国三叠纪砂岩含水层中酚类化合物（苯酚，甲酚，二甲苯酚）的复杂混合物的自然衰减。描述。污染物羽流包含来自四个废物流的有机和无机成分。烟羽中的污染物分布更多地由复杂的源历史控制，包括脉冲输入的间歇释放，而不是由原位降解过程控制。在好氧，减少NO_C，减少Mn / Fe，减少SO_4和产甲烷的条件下，含水层中的酚类化合物发生降解。酚类降解的无机和有机代谢产物的产生证明了污染物的减少，但也表明降解的潜力在很大程度上取决于污染物的浓度和氧化剂的生物利用度。微生物学和质量平衡研究表明，在羽状流苏中，降解程度最大，因为横向混合稀释了污染物浓度，并且含水氧化剂通量很高。污染物浓度（高达12,500mg / L）的毒性会显着抑制烟羽中其他地方的降解。含水层不受氧化剂的限制，但在目前条件下，羽流很可能会长大。仅在增加羽流稀释后，这些污染物的自然衰减才会增加。

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