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ESTHER ― expert system for the diagnostics of drug intoxications

机译：ESTHER ―药物中毒诊断专家系统

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Recent years revealed an increase in the number of intoxications in Russia, and according to some estimates drug intoxications constitute as much as 50% of these cases. Therefore problem of urgent diagnostics and emergency care on the pre-admission phase and in hospitals became very important. Taking into account the lack of a specific toxicology experience among general practitioners there was decided to design and develop computer system, which is able to diagnose drug intoxications and provide treatment suggestions. This paper presents main concepts of an Expert System for Toxicological Help (ESTHER). The most widespread medicines were combined into 25 groups according to the similarity in poisonings diagnostics and treatment. More than 60 clinical signs used by an expert in diagnostics of intoxications were included. The system was deliberately designed to use only clinical signs of poisonings with the view of using it in ambulance cars and hospitals of small towns where accurate laboratory analyses are not available. The system imitates reasoning of a physician ― an expert in toxicology. The ideas of method for knowledge base construction are presented. The architecture of the expert system is discussed in detail as well.
机译：近年来，俄罗斯的中毒人数有所增加，据一些人估计，药物中毒占这类病例的50％。因此，入院前阶段和医院中的紧急诊断和紧急护理问题变得非常重要。考虑到全科医生缺乏特定的毒理学经验，因此决定设计和开发计算机系统，该系统能够诊断药物中毒并提供治疗建议。本文介绍了毒理学帮助专家系统（ESTHER）的主要概念。根据中毒诊断和治疗的相似性，将最广泛使用的药物分为25组。其中包括中毒诊断专家使用的60多种临床体征。该系统经过精心设计，仅使用中毒的临床体征，目的是在无法提供准确实验室分析的救护车和小镇的医院中使用该系统。该系统模仿毒理学专家医师的推理。提出了知识库构建方法的思想。还详细讨论了专家系统的体系结构。

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