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PLUTONIUM ASSAY IN SOIL AT THE BRC THRESHOLD

机译：BRC阈值的土壤中的钚测定

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The Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE) at Aldermaston has investigated the performance of low and high-resolution gamma-ray detectors for plutonium (Pu) assay in soil at the UK Below Regulatory Concern (BRC) threshold (0.4 Bq/g above the natural background activity level). The goal was a rapid and economical technique for sorting large volumes of lightly contaminated soils into above and BRC fractions. The strategy involved utilising the relatively high yield 60 keV emission from Am-241 ingrowth (Pu-241 daughter) and known isotopic ratios. This paper covers the determination of detector response factors for an Am-241 source positioned at various locations within a circular tray of soil. These factors were weighted, according to the relative volumes that they represent, in order to derive a uniform response factor and quantify the systematic error for non-uniform activity distributions. Detection limits and random errors were also derived from the counting data. The high-resolution detector was shown to have the best detection levels and lowest systematic and random errors. However, uncertainties for non-uniform distributions of contamination were relatively large. Hence, analysing soils at the BRC threshold would only be feasible if contamination was well distributed throughout the soil sample being monitored. Fortunately, contaminated land at AWE is generally homogeneous and so the technique has wide applicability.
机译：Aldermaston的原子武器建立（AWE）研究了在英国的土壤中对钚（PU）测定的低分离高分辨率γ射线探测器的性能低于监管问题（BRC）阈值（自然背景上方0.4 bq / g活动水平）。该目标是一种快速且经济的技术，用于将大量的轻微受污染的土壤分类到上述和BRC分数。涉及使用来自AM-241的相对高的产量60 keV排放和已知同位素比例的策略。本文涵盖了位于土壤圆盘内的各个位置的AM-241源的检测器响应因子的确定。根据它们所代表的相对体积，根据它们代表的相对卷来加权这些因素，以获得均匀的响应因子并量化非均匀活动分布的系统误差。检测限度和随机误差也来自计数数据。高分辨率检测器显示为具有最佳检测水平和最低系统和随机误差。然而，非均匀污染分布的不确定性相对较大。因此，如果在监测整个土壤样品中污染分布污染，则分析BRC阈值的土壤只会是可行的。幸运的是，敬畏污染的土地通常是均匀的，因此该技术具有广泛的适用性。

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