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首页> 外文会议>9th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management >THE ROLE OF THE WASTE ISOLATION PILOT PLANT IN THE CLEANUP OF THE U. S. NUCLEAR WEAPONS COMPLEX
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THE ROLE OF THE WASTE ISOLATION PILOT PLANT IN THE CLEANUP OF THE U. S. NUCLEAR WEAPONS COMPLEX

机译：废物隔离试点工厂在清洁美国核武器综合体中的作用

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摘要

As a result of nuclear weapons production, the United States of America produced significant quantities of transuranic waste, which consists of clothing, tools, rags, residues, debris and other items contaminated with small amounts of radioactive, man-made elements -- mostly plutonium -- with an atomic number greater than that of uranium. Transuranic waste began accumulating in the 1940s and continued through the Cold War era. Today, most transuranic waste is stored at weapons production sites across the United States. In 1957, the National Academy of Sciences concluded that the most promising disposal option for radioactive wastes was disposal in deep geologic repositories situated in salt formations. After nearly a decade of study, the United States Department of Energy decided in January 1981 to proceed with construction of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) at a site 41.6 km (26 miles) southeast of Carlsbad, New Mexico. After years of study, construction, and permitting, the WIPP facility became operational in early 1999. As the United States continues to clean up and close its former nuclear weapon facilities, the operation of WIPP will continue into the next several decades. This paper will provide an overview of the history, regulatory, and public process to permit a radioactive repository for disposal of transuranic wastes and the process to ensure its long-term operation in a safe and environmentally compliant manner.
机译：由于生产核武器，美利坚合众国产生了大量的超铀废物，其中包括衣物，工具，抹布，残留物，碎片和其他被少量放射性人造元素（主要是p）污染的物品。 -原子序数大于铀原子序数超铀废物在1940年代开始积累，并一直持续到冷战时代。如今，大多数超铀废物都存储在美国各地的武器生产场所。 1957年，美国国家科学院认为，放射性废物最有希望的处置选择是在盐层中的深层地质处置库中处置。经过近十年的研究，美国能源部于1981年1月决定在新墨西哥州卡尔斯巴德（Carlsbad）东南41.6公里（26英里）的场地上建设废物隔离试验工厂（WIPP）。经过多年的研究，建造和许可，WIPP设施于1999年初投入运营。随着美国继续清理和关闭其以前的核武器设施，WIPP的运转将持续到未来几十年。本文将概述允许放射性废物处置超铀废物的历史，法规和公共过程，以及确保其以安全和环保的方式长期运行的过程。

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