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Geochemistry of surface water in alpine catchments in central Colorado, USA: An example of sampling scale versus detail

机译:美国科罗拉多州中部高山流域的地表水地球化学:以采样比例与细节为例

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The U.S. Geological Survey is conducting a study of surface-water quality in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado. Sampled media include stream water, sediment, and biofilm coatings on streambed rocks. At selected sites, aquatic macroinvertebrates are being collected. This paper focuses on the stream-water chemistry. The dominant regional feature affecting water quality in central Colorado is the Colorado Mineral Belt (CMB), a northeast-trending zone hosting many polymetallic vein and replacement and porphyry Mo deposits that were mined from the mid-1800's to the present. The influence of the CMB is seen in lower surface-water pH (<5), and higher concentrations of SO42- (> 100 mg/L) and siderophile and chalcophile metals such as Fe(> 1 mg/L), Cu (>0.01 mg/L), Zn (>0.1 mg/L), and Cd (>0.001 mg/L). At local scales, effects of individual rock units on water chemistry are subtle but discernible, as shown primarily by concentrations of major lithophile elements or ratios between them.
机译:美国地质调查局正在对科罗拉多州中部洛矶山脉的地表水水质进行研究。采样的介质包括河床水,沉积物和河床岩石上的生物膜涂层。在选定的地点,正在收集水生无脊椎动物。本文着重于溪流水化学。影响科罗拉多州中部水质的主要区域特征是科罗拉多矿带(CMB),这是一个东北趋势带,拥有许多多金属矿脉以及自1800年代中期至今开采的置换和斑岩型钼矿床。 CMB的影响体现在较低的地表水pH(<5),较高浓度的SO42-(> 100 mg / L)和铁,嗜铁金属如Fe(> 1 mg / L),Cu(> 0.01毫克/升),锌(> 0.1毫克/升)和镉(> 0.001毫克/升)。在局部范围内,单个岩石单元对水化学的影响微妙但可辨别,主要由主要嗜石元素的浓度或它们之间的比率表明。

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