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首页> 外文会议>Proceedings of the 12th International Rapeseed Congress: Sustainable Development in Cruciferous Oilseed Crops Production >Influence of growing intensity and variety on production markers and winter rapeseed quality (Brassica napus L. var. napus)
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Influence of growing intensity and variety on production markers and winter rapeseed quality (Brassica napus L. var. napus)

机译：生长强度和品种对生产指标和冬季油菜品质的影响（甘蓝型油菜）

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In Czech Republic the share of winter rapeseed crop cultivation is approximately 10 -11% of total acreage arable land. In practical cultivation is about 45 varieties of winter rapeseed. The restored hybrid varieties occupy 15 - 20% and the composite hybrids have a little share - about 3 -5%.acreage total of rapeseed. The rapeseed cultivate approximately from 170 to 750 m above sea - level, on soils with content mould 1 - 1,5% as well 2,0 - 2,5% mean annual precipitation 450-500 mm and the average annual temperature from 7 - 80C to 9 - 120 C. The rapeseed cultivate always with herbicide and insecticide. In standard intensity of cultivation give 100-150 kg N/ha without fungicides and growth regulators. In a higher intensity of inputs applicates 190 - 220 kg N/ha with fungicide, regulators, stimulators and leaf fertilizers. Therefore the yields fluctuate general from 2,0 to 5,0 t/ha. In trials on 8 localities in 2002/03, 2003/04, 2004/05 years observed reaction of winter rapeseed varieties at two different intensities of cultivation: the standard and the higher intensity of cultivation in relation with production and economy. The results show only about 3 -4% difference in seed yields among hybrid and line varieties of rapeseed. Some line variety always occurred which overcame average hybrids in seed yields. The standard intensity of cultivation showed average seed yields 3,72t/ha, the higher intensity 4,13t/ha (113%) during three years. In the successful rapeseed years the yield differences among intensities were low, but in critical years the differences increased. Therefore, the returns of the invested investments into the intensive technology need not be economically positive. The higher intensity of cultivation had about 10% more branches/m, about 7% more pods on terminal, 17% lower of dried up buds and oil content in seed was lower. Dry, warm years and localities had marked lower oil content.
机译：在捷克共和国，冬季油菜作物的种植面积约占可耕地总面积的10 -11％。在实际栽培中，大约有45个冬季油菜品种。恢复的杂种占15-20％，复合杂种所占份额很小-约3 -5％。油菜种植在海拔170至750 m的土壤上，土壤中霉菌的含量为1-1.5％，而2.0-2.5％的年平均降水量为450-500 mm，年平均温度为7- 80°C至9-120°C。菜籽总是与除草剂和杀虫剂一起种植。在标准栽培强度下，每公顷可施用100-150千克N，而无需使用杀真菌剂和生长调节剂。在较高的投入强度下，需施用190-220 kg N / ha的杀菌剂，调节剂，刺激剂和叶面肥料。因此，产量通常在2.0吨至5.0吨/公顷之间波动。在2002/03年，2003/04年，2004/05年的8个地方进行的试验中，观察到冬季油菜品种在两种不同种植强度下的反应：标准种植率和更高种植强度与生产和经济的关系。结果表明，在油菜杂交品种和品系之间，种子产量的差异仅约3-4％。总是发生一些品系变种，其克服了种子产量上的平均杂种。标准耕种强度显示三年内平均种子产量为3.72吨/公顷，较高强度为4.13吨/公顷（113％）。在成功的油菜籽年中，强度之间的产量差异很小，但在关键年份，差异有所增加。因此，投入到集约化技术中的投资收益在经济上不必是正数。较高的耕种强度使每米分枝增加约10％，在终端上增加约7％的豆荚，使枯萎的芽减少17％，并且种子中的油含量较低。干燥，温暖的年份和地区的含油量明显降低。

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