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首页> 外文会议>INMM annual meeting >15-YEAR MILESTONE IN THE U.S.-RUSSIA HEU PURCHASE AGREEMENT HEU Policy and Implementation: Development, Progress and Prospects for the Next Five Years
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15-YEAR MILESTONE IN THE U.S.-RUSSIA HEU PURCHASE AGREEMENT HEU Policy and Implementation: Development, Progress and Prospects for the Next Five Years

机译：美俄HEU购买协议的15年里程碑HEU政策与实施：未来五年的发展，进步与前景

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The U.S.–Russian Highly-Enriched Uranium (HEU) Purchase Agreement reached its 15-year milestone in 2008. This historic nuclear nonproliferation agreement was negotiated to permanently eliminate excess fissile materials that would otherwise remain at risk for potential theft or diversion. Under the 1993 Agreement, the United States and Russia committed to irreversibly eliminate 500 metric tons of excess HEU from dismantled Russian nuclear weapons by converting it into fuel for U.S. power reactors. To ensure that the nonproliferation goals are met, the Agreement includes “transparency” measures to provide confidence that the HEU comes from dismantled nuclear weapons, is downblended to low enriched uranium (LEU) and used for peaceful purposes as reactor fuel in the United States. The Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration and the Russian State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom", as Executive Agents to the Agreement, established the HEU Transparency Program to implement these transparency measures. Under the HEU Transparency Program, U.S. and Russian experts routinely monitor facilities in both countries that process the material, using measurement equipment, reviewing declarations, and through direct observations. This paper describes the development of transparency measures, the implementation of negotiated transparency rights, and the evolution of the transparency regime to successfully fulfill the obligations of this 20-year Agreement through its conclusion in 2013.
机译：美俄高浓缩铀（HEU）采购协议于2008年达到其15年的里程碑。这项历史性的核不扩散协议经过谈判，旨在永久性地消除多余的裂变材料，否则这些裂变材料将继续面临潜在的盗窃或挪用风险。根据1993年的协议，美国和俄罗斯承诺通过将其转换为美国动力反应堆的燃料，从已拆除的俄罗斯核武器中不可逆转地消除500公吨过量的高浓铀。 为确保实现不扩散目标，该协定包括“透明度”措施，以确保高浓铀来自已拆除的核武器，被掺混为低浓铀（LEU），并在美国用作和平用途的反应堆燃料。能源部/国家核安全局和俄罗斯国家原子能公司“ Rosatom”作为该协议的执行代理人，建立了HEU透明度计划，以实施这些透明度措施。根据HEU透明度计划，美国和俄罗斯的专家会定期对这两个国家/地区中处理材料的设施进行监控，使用测量设备，查看声明并通过直接观察来进行。 本文描述了透明度措施的发展，谈判透明权利的实施以及透明制度的演变，以成功履行该20年协议的义务，直到2013年缔结该协议。

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