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Formation of positive and negative disturbances in the topside ionosphere during solar flares

机译：太阳耀斑期间顶面电离层中正负扰动的形成

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摘要

The results of studies of the ionospheric response to solar flares are presented. The results are based on the observations of GPS signals and at incoherent scatter radars and on theoretical calculations. Analyzing the GPS data, the method based on a partial "shadowing" of the atmosphere by the Earth was used. This method made it possible to estimate the value of the electron content variations in the topside ionosphere during the solar flare on 14 July 2000. We obtained that according to the GPS data at altitudes of the topside ionosphere (h > 300 km) a flare is able to cause a decrease of the electron content. Similar effects of formation of a negative disturbance in the ionospheric F region were observed also during the solar flares on 21 and 23 May 1967 by the Arecibo radar. Using the theoretical model of ionosphere-plasmasphere interaction, we study in this paper the mechanism of formation of negative disturbances in the topside ionosphere during solar flares. It is shown that the intense transport of O+ ions into the above-situated plasma caused by a sharp increase in the ion production rate and thermal expansion of the ionospheric plasma is a cause of the formation of the negative disturbance in the electron concentration in the topside ionosphere.
机译：给出了电离层对太阳耀斑响应的研究结果。结果是基于GPS信号和非相干散射雷达的观测结果以及理论计算得出的。分析GPS数据时，使用了基于地球大气部分“阴影化”的方法。这种方法使得有可能估计2000年7月14日太阳耀斑期间顶侧电离层中电子含量的变化值。根据顶侧电离层高度（h> 300 km）的GPS数据，我们得出了耀斑为能够导致电子含量的降低。在1967年5月21日至23日的太阳耀斑期间，阿雷西博雷达也观察到了在电离层F区形成负扰动的类似效果。利用电离层-等离子层相互作用的理论模型，我们研究了太阳耀斑期间顶面电离层形成负扰动的机理。结果表明，由离子产生速率的急剧增加和电离层等离子体的热膨胀引起的O +离子向上述等离子体的强烈迁移是在顶部形成电子浓度负扰动的原因电离层。

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