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首页> 外文会议>32nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society >Microrobotic navigable entities for Magnetic Resonance Targeting
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Microrobotic navigable entities for Magnetic Resonance Targeting

机译：微机器人可导航实体，用于磁共振定位

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Magnetic Resonance Targeting (MRT) uses MRI for gathering tracking data to determine the position of microscale entities with the goal of guiding them towards a specific target in the body accessible through the vascular network. At full capabilities, a MRT platform designed to treat a human would consist of a clinical MRI scanner running special algorithms and upgraded to provide propulsion gradient up to approximately 400mT/m to enable entities as small as a few tens of micrometers in diameter and containing magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) to be steered at vessel bifurcations based on tracking information. Indeed, using a clinical MRI system, we showed that such single entity with a diameter as small as 15µm is detectable in gradient-echo scans. Among many potential interventions, targeted cancer therapy is a good initial application for such new microrobotic approach since secondary toxicity for the patient could be reduced while increasing therapeutic efficacy using lower dosages. Although many types of such entities are needed to provide a larger set of tools, here, only three initial types designed with different functionalities and for different types of cancer are briefly described. Initially designed for targeted chemo-embolization of liver tumors, the first type known as Therapeutic Magnetic Micro-Carriers (TMMC) consists in its present form of ∼50 µm PLGA microparticles containing therapeutics and ∼180 nm FeCo MNP. For the second type, MNP are not only used for propulsion and tracking, but also actuation based on a local elevation of the temperature. In its simplest form, it consists of ∼20 nm MNP embedded in a thermo-sensitive hydrogel known as PNIPA, allowing additional functionalities such as computer triggered drug release and targeted hyperthermia. The third type initially considered to target colorectal tumors, consists of 1–2 µm MR-trackable and controllable MC-1 Magnetotactic Bacteria (MTB) with-- propelling thrust force provided by two flagella bundles per cell exceeding 4 pN.
机译：磁共振靶向（MRT）使用MRI收集跟踪数据，以确定微尺度实体的位置，目的是将它们引导向可通过血管网络访问的体内特定目标。在功能完备的情况下，旨在治疗人类的MRT平台将由运行特殊算法的临床MRI扫描仪组成，并进行升级以提供高达约400mT / m的推进梯度，以使直径小至数十微米的实体能够包含磁性物质。纳米粒子（MNP）将基于跟踪信息在血管分叉处被操纵。确实，使用临床MRI系统，我们证明了在梯度回波扫描中可以检测到直径仅为15μm的单个实体。在许多潜在的干预措施中，靶向癌症治疗是这种新的微型机器人方法的良好初始应用，因为可以降低患者的继发毒性，同时使用较低的剂量提高治疗效果。尽管需要许多类型的此类实体来提供更大的工具集，但在这里，仅简要描述了设计用于不同功能和针对不同类型癌症的三种初始类型。最初设计用于靶向治疗肝肿瘤的化学栓塞，第一类称为治疗磁性微载体（TMMC），其形式为〜50 µm PLGA微粒，其中包含治疗剂和〜180 nm FeCo MNP。对于第二种类型，MNP不仅用于推进和跟踪，还用于根据局部温度升高进行致动。以最简单的形式，它由嵌入在称为PNIPA的热敏水凝胶中的约20 nm MNP组成，可提供其他功能，例如计算机触发的药物释放和靶向热疗。最初被认为是针对大肠肿瘤的第三种类型，是由1-2 µm MR可追踪和可控制的MC-1趋磁细菌（MTB）组成，其中- -- 每个细胞两个鞭毛束提供的推力超过4 pN。

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