A denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is an attempt to make a system resource unavailable to its intended users. Several types of DoS attacks are known. A SYN flood attack is a typical DoS attack, exploiting the vulnerability of TCP's three-way handshake with respect to imbalances between the computational costs of clients and server. In addition to cost imbalance, the amount of cost over a given short term is also an indispensable factor in DoS attacks, including SYN flood attacks. In this paper, we propose a process calculus for formalizing computational costs and cost amounts over the short term. This procedure is called the "timed spice-calculus," and was developed by improving the prototypic theory of preliminary studies, known as the spice-calculus. Time is modeled as a hierarchical ordered structure with respect to types of processing. We present an example of a formulation based on the timed spicecalculus, including a description of the three-way handshake and a SYN flood attack.
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机译：拒绝服务攻击（DoS攻击）是一种尝试使系统资源对其预期用户不可用的尝试。几种类型的DoS攻击是已知的。 SYN Flood攻击是一种典型的DoS攻击，它利用TCP三向握手的漏洞来解决客户端和服务器的计算成本之间的不平衡问题。除了成本不平衡外，在给定的短期内，成本的数量也是DoS攻击（包括SYN Flood攻击）中必不可少的因素。在本文中，我们提出了一种用于在短期内形式化计算成本和成本金额的过程演算。此过程称为“定时香料微积分”，是通过改进初步研究的原型理论（称为香料微积分）而开发的。关于处理类型，时间被建模为分层的有序结构。我们提供了一个基于定时spicecalculus的公式化示例，其中包括对三向握手和SYN Flood攻击的描述。
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