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Energetic picrate salts with nitrogen heterocyles

机译:含氮杂环的高能苦味酸盐

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A family of energetic salts based on the picrate anion and several azolium cations were synthesized based either on new methods or literature known procedures. The cations of choice were the following: 5-amino-1H-tetrazolium (1), 1-methyl-5-amino-1H-tetrazolium (2), 2-methyl-5-amino-1H-tetrazolium (3), 1,4-dimethyl-5-amino-1H-tetrazolium (4), 1,3-dimethyl-5-amino-1H-tetrazolium (5), 1,5-diamino-lH-tetrazolium (6), 1,5-diamino-4-methyl-1 H-tetrazolium (7), 3,4,5-triamino-l ,2,4-triazolium or guanazinium (8) and 1-methyl-3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazolium or methylguanazinium (9). A summary of the ~(15)N NMR shifts for all compounds is given and the proton/methyl induced shifts (PIS/MIS) are compared to the crystal structures. Because hydrogen-bonding plays an important role in determining the density and thus the performance of energetic materials, the crystal struc-tures are discussed in detail. In addition, tests to assess the impact (i) and friction (f) sensi-tivity of the compounds and thermal stability measurements (DSC) were also carried out revealing insensitive compounds (i >40 J,f>360 N) with high thermal stabilities (T_d >175 °C). The experimental constant volume energies of combustion were determined using oxygen bomb calorimetry and their validity was checked by way of quantum chemical cal-culation (MP2) of electronic energies. The detonation pressures and velocities of 1 (7795 m s~(-1), 25.6 GPa), 2 (7343 m s~(-1), 21.2 GPa), 3 (7213 m s~(-1), 20.4 GPa), 4 (6876 m s~(-1), 17.8 GPa), 5 (6846 m s~(-1), 17.6 GPa), 6 (7864 m s~(-1), 25.4 GPa), 7 (7492 m s~(-1), 22.1 GPa), 8 (7495 m s~(-1), 22.5 GPa) and 9 (7162 m s~(-1), 19.8 GPa) were predicted using the EXPL05 code. Lastly, the ICT code was used to predict the decomposition gases of all salts.
机译:基于新方法或文献已知的方法,合成了基于苦味酸根阴离子和几种偶氮阳离子的高能盐家族。选择的阳离子如下:5-氨基-1H-四唑(1),1-甲基-5-氨基-1H-四唑(2),2-甲基-5-氨基-1H-四唑(3),1 ,4-二甲基-5-氨基-1H-四唑(4),1,3-二甲基-5-氨基-1H-四唑(5),1,5-二氨基-1H-四唑(6),1,5-二氨基-4-甲基-1 H-四唑鎓(7),3,4,5-三氨基-1,2,4-三唑鎓或胍鎓(8)和1-甲基-3,4,5-三氨基-1,2 ,4-三唑鎓或甲基胍鎓(9)。给出了所有化合物〜(15)N NMR位移的摘要,并将质子/甲基诱导的位移(PIS / MIS)与晶体结构进行了比较。由于氢键在确定密度以及高能材料的性能方面起着重要作用,因此将详细讨论晶体结构。此外,还进行了评估化合物的冲击(i)和摩擦(f)敏感性以及热稳定性测量(DSC)的测试,揭示了高热敏性的不敏感化合物(i> 40 J,f> 360 N)稳定性(T_d> 175°C)。使用氧弹量热法测定燃烧的实验恒定体积能量,并通过电子能量的量子化学计算(MP2)检验其有效性。爆震压力和速度分别为1(7795 ms〜(-1),25.6 GPa),2(7343 ms〜(-1),21.2 GPa),3(7213 ms〜(-1),20.4 GPa),4( 6876毫秒〜(-1),17.8 GPa),5(6846毫秒〜(-1),17.6 GPa),6(7864毫秒〜(-1),25.4 GPa),7(7492毫秒〜(-1),使用EXPL05码预测8(7495 ms〜(-1),22.5 GPa)和9(7162 ms〜(-1),19.8 GPa)。最后,ICT代码用于预测所有盐的分解气体。

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