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A MOON AND DEEP-SPACE ACCESSIBILITY STUDY VIA SYSTEM-OF-SYSTEMS APPROACH

机译：通过系统系统方法进行月球和深空访问的研究

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During the last decade the design of space missions and exploration architectures have become more complex andarticulated than before. More ambitious mission-objectives and reduced budgets forces the engineering teams tocarefully assess all the alternatives to focus the energies only on the most promising architectures. In this paper asystem-of-systems approach to space-mission architectures design, to support the engineering team and the decisionmakersduring the trade-off activities, is described. A system-of-systems is formed of several interacting elementsand sub-elements whose overall behaviour is usually different than the sum of the effects of the single elements.The objective of the method presented in this paper is to support the design of complex space-mission architectures,starting from the mission objective and the major top-level requirements, by automatically generate and evaluatedifferent scenarios. The method generates different architectures with the definition of the systems and the phases inwhich they will be used. The systems taken into account comprehend modules for human support in space andpropulsion modules. The mission architectures are then quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated. A comparativescenario cost-analysis is performed taking into account mission architecture, masses, technical complexity andsystem design. Finally, a mission success qualitative figure is estimated through mission duration, complexity andsystems technology readiness level.As an example, a study on a hypothetical future space station to be implemented as a safe haven for cis-lunarmissions and as a re-usable spaceship for deep-space missions is presented. The results have been obtained with theobjective of minimizing the cost index, and maximizing the mission success and mission value.The results demonstrated that a Skylab-like space station, thus with a single volume, performs better than a multimodulespace station in most of the cases. A dual-volume space station would allow for an increased level of theperformances, only at a much higher cost.The results presented in this paper have been obtained in cooperation with Thales Alenia Space-Italy, in theframework of a regional programme called STEPS.
机译：在过去的十年中，太空任务和探索架构的设计变得越来越复杂， 铰接比以前。更加雄心勃勃的任务目标和减少的预算迫使工程团队不得不 仔细评估所有替代方案，以将精力仅集中在最有前途的架构上。在本文中 太空任务体系结构设计的系统级方法，以支持工程团队和决策者 描述了在权衡活动中的过程。一个系统的系统由几个相互作用的元素组成 以及总体行为通常与单个元素的效果总和不同的子元素。 本文提出的方法的目的是支持复杂空间任务架构的设计， 从任务目标和主要的最高要求开始，通过自动生成和评估 不同的情况。该方法根据系统的定义和阶段中的阶段生成不同的体系结构 它们将被使用。该系统考虑到了人类在太空和空中支援的综合模块 推进模块。然后，对任务架构进行定量和定性评估。一个比较 进行方案成本分析时要考虑到任务架构，质量，技术复杂性和 系统设计。最后，通过任务持续时间，复杂程度和 系统技术准备水平。 例如，一项关于假想未来空间站的研究将被实施为顺式月球的避风港 任务以及作为深空任务的可重复使用的宇宙飞船。结果是通过 目标是最大程度地降低成本指数，并最大程度地提高任务成功率和任务价值。 结果表明，只有一个体积的类似Skylab的空间站的性能要优于多模块的空间站。 在大多数情况下是空间站。双容积空间站将允许增加空间水平。 表演，但成本要高得多。 本文介绍的结果是与泰勒斯·阿莱尼亚太空意大利公司（Tales Alenia Space-Italy）合作获得的。 称为STEPS的区域计划的框架。

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