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Numerical Studies of 3-D Flow Regimes in a Toroidal Thermosyphon

机译：环形热虹吸管中3-D流态的数值研究

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摘要

Steady and transient laminar natural convection regimes occurring in a toroidal natural convection loop, or 'thermosyphon', heated from below and cooled from above are investigated numerically for a wide range of Rayleigh numbers spanning the interval from 10~3 to 2.6×10~7. In the model system, the lower half of the loop is heated and maintained at a constant high temperature, while the upper half is cooled and maintained at a constant low temperature. A three-dimensional numerical model based on the finite volume method was used to solve the system of governing flow equations. Simulations were performed using water as the working fluid (Pr = 5.83) and detailed numerical results are presented and discussed for conduction, steady convection, and chaotic flow regimes. Although this subject has attracted researchers for decades, there have been no detailed three-dimensional numerical simulations of the dynamics of flow in the thermal convection loop. The objective of the present study is to fill this gap by presenting the temporal evolution of the velocity and temperature fields at key locations within the system. Emphasis is given to the analysis of dynamical behavior of the flow during the chaotic regime. The complexity of flow in the loop, which is characterized by vortical structures and localized flow recirculation, is visualized using 3-D direct numerical simulations.
机译：对于从10到3到2.6×10到7的宽范围的瑞利数，数值研究了从下方加热并从上方冷却的环形自然对流回路或“热虹吸管”中发生的稳态和瞬态层流自然对流状态。 。在模型系统中，回路的下半部分被加热并保持在恒定的高温，而上半部被冷却并保持在恒定的低温。基于有限体积法的三维数值模型被用来求解控制流动方程的系统。使用水作为工作流体（Pr = 5.83）进行了仿真，并给出了详细的数值结果，并对传导，稳态对流和混沌流动状态进行了讨论。尽管这个问题已经吸引了数十年的研究者，但还没有关于热对流回路中流动动力学的详细三维数值模拟。本研究的目的是通过介绍系统内关键位置的速度和温度场的时间演变来填补这一空白。重点分析了混沌状态下流动的动力学行为。使用3-D直接数值模拟可以直观地看到以旋涡结构和局部流动再循环为特征的回路中流动的复杂性。

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