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Selecting the Optimal Logging Suite for Geothermal Reservoir Evaluation: Results from the Alum 25-29 Well, Nevada

机译:选择用于地热储层评估的最佳测井套件:内华达州25-29井明矾的结果

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This paper presents the results of analysis of a state of the art set of wireline petrophysical and wellbore image logs recorded in the Alum 25-29 well, southwestern Nevada. The Alum well penetrated nearly 2000 ft (610 m) of volcano-clastic rocks and more than 1000 ft of basement, separated from the sediments by a shallowly dipping detachment fault. The logs were acquired both to characterize the site and also to select the most effective set of logs to acquire in future wells. The results revealed that acoustic images are superior to electrical images to detect structurally important natural fractures and stress-induced wellbore breakouts and tensile wall fractures, and were adequate to detect stratigraphic features. Density, photo-electric factor (PEF), neutron, and gamma ray (GR) logs provided sufficient information to clearly delineate basement lithologic variations, suggesting that pulsed neutron logs may not in many cases be needed, and density and electrical resistivity data were important to calibrate structural models based on surface surveys. A crossed-dipole acoustic log detected stress-induced anisotropy in the sediments, and also appeared to be able to identify and orient steeply dipping, compliant and therefore possibly conductive fractures in basement rocks. Because the shear-wave velocity was extremely low throughout most of the sedimentary section dipole data was required for its determination. The analysis results, which included a stress determination based on an extended leakoff test to determine Shmin and observations of intermittent breakouts and tensile fractures, revealed a normal-faulting environment, with SHmax oriented in the strike direction of the fault and of the dipping sediments. Fluid flow appeared to be concentrated beneath the detachment within an interval in which some mud losses occurred while drilling, and shallow-readingresistivity logs recorded much lower values than deeper-reading logs suggesting that resistivity log separation may be useful to identify permeable zones.
机译:本文介绍了在内华达州西南部的Alum 25-29井中记录的一组最新的电缆岩石物理和井眼图像测井结果的分析结果。明矾井渗透了将近2000英尺(610 m)的火山碎屑岩和1000英尺以上的地下室,并通过浅倾分离断层将其与沉积物隔开。采集测井数据不仅可以表征现场特征,还可以选择最有效的测井数据集以在将来的井中采集。结果表明,声像优于电像,可检测出结构上重要的自然裂缝,应力诱发的井眼破裂和拉伸壁裂缝,并且足以检测地层特征。密度,光电系数(PEF),中子和伽马射线(GR)测井曲线提供了足够的信息来清楚地描述基底岩性变化,这表明在许多情况下可能不需要脉冲中子测井曲线,并且密度和电阻率数据很重要根据表面调查来校准结构模型。交叉偶极声波测井仪检测到沉积物中应力引起的各向异性,并且似乎还能够识别和定向基底岩石中的陡倾,顺应性以及因此可能的导电性裂缝。由于在大多数沉积剖面中,横波速度都非常低,因此需要偶极子数据来确定它。分析结果包括基于扩展泄漏试验确定Shmin的应力确定以及对间歇性破裂和拉伸断裂的观察,揭示了一个正常断层环境,SHmax定向在断层和浸润沉积物的走向上。在钻探过程中发生一些泥浆流失和浅层读数的时间间隔内,流体流似乎集中在分离层下方。 电阻率测井记录的值比深度测井的记录低得多,这表明电阻率测井分离可能对识别渗透带有用。

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