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Controllable Meteorological Balloons for Arctic Research

机译:用于北极研究的可控气象气球

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摘要

While the Arctic is among the most isolated and inaccessible regions on earth, its weather and climate can strongly affect mid-latitude agricultural regions and population centers. Improving observational capabilities in the Arctic therefore has broad relevance. Over the past four years, Controlled Meteorological (CMET) balloons have been developed specifically for studying transport processes in the Arctic troposphere and boundary layer. These balloons, which are now approximately the same size as standard rawinsondes, can float for many days while performing vertical soundings on command via satellite. This sounding capability is particularly advantageous in the highly stratified polar atmosphere where shallow layers of air with differing character and origins are ubiquitous. The challenges of operating small battery-powered balloons in the Arctic are formidable; they include electrical and mechanical failures due to the extreme cold, fallout due to ice accumulation on the balloon envelope, and complex airspace issues. Results of this development work will be discussed and placed into context of planned and future studies.
机译:北极虽然是地球上最孤立和人迹罕至的地区之一,但其天气和气候会严重影响中纬度地区的农业地区和人口中心。因此,提高北极地区的观测能力具有广泛的意义。在过去的四年中,受控气象(CMET)气球专门用于研究北极对流层和边界层中的运输过程。这些气球现在的大小与标准Rawinsondes差不多,可以飘浮许多天,同时可以通过卫星在命令下进行垂直测深。这种探测能力在高度分层的极地大气中特别有利,在这种大气中,普遍存在着具有不同特征和来源的浅层空气。在北极地区,使用电池供电的小型气球的挑战非常艰巨。其中包括由于极端寒冷而导致的电气和机械故障,由于气球外壳上积聚的冰而导致的掉落以及复杂的空域问题。将讨论此开发工作的结果,并将其放在计划的和将来的研究中。

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