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首页> 外文会议>International conference on environmental remediation and radioactive waste management >ESTABLISHMENT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES REGARDING THE GEOLOGIC DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR WASTE IN THE UNITED STATES AND STRATEGIES FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION
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ESTABLISHMENT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES REGARDING THE GEOLOGIC DISPOSAL OF NUCLEAR WASTE IN THE UNITED STATES AND STRATEGIES FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION

机译：建立关于美国核废料地质处置的研究与开发优先权以及国际合作策略

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The U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE), Office of Fuel Cycle Technologies (OFCT) has established the Used Fuel Disposition Campaign (UFDC) to conduct research and development (R&D) activities related to storage, transportation and disposal of used nuclear fuel (UNF) and high level radioactive waste (HLW). The U.S. has, in accordance with the U.S. Nuclear Waste Policy Act (as amended), focused efforts for the past twenty-plus years on disposing of UNF and HLW in a geologic repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The recent decision by the U.S. DOE to no longer pursue the development of that repository has necessitated investigating alternative concepts for the disposal of UNF and HLW that exists today and that could be generated under future fuel cycles. The disposal of UNF and HLW in a range of geologic media has been investigated internationally. Considerable progress has been made by in the U.S and other nations, but gaps in knowledge still exist. The U.S. national laboratories have participated in these programs and have conducted R&D related to these issues to a limited extent. However, a comprehensive R&D program investigating a variety of storage, geologic media, and disposal concepts has not been a part of the U.S. waste management program since the mid 1980s because of its focus on the Yucca Mountain site. Such a comprehensive R&D program is being developed and executed in the UFDC using a systematic approach to identify potential R&D opportunities. This paper describes the process used by the UFDC to identify and prioritize R&D opportunities. The U.S. DOE has cooperated and collaborated with other countries in many different "arenas" including the Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) within the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and through bilateral agreements with other countries. These international activities benefited the DOE through the acquisition and exchange of information, database development, and peer reviews by experts from other countries. Recognizing that programs in other countries have made significant advances in understanding a wide range of geologic environments, the UFDC has developed a strategy for continued, and expanded, international collaboration. This paper also describes this strategy.
机译：美国能源部核能办公室（DOE-NE），燃料循环技术办公室（OFCT）已建立了废燃料处置运动（UFDC），以进行与燃料的储存，运输和处置有关的研究与开发（R＆D）活动。用过的核燃料（UNF）和高放废物（HLW）。根据《美国核废料政策法》（经修订），美国在过去的二十多年中集中精力在内华达州尤卡山的地质处置库中处置联合国基金会和高级别废物。美国能源部最近决定不再继续开发该储存库，这使得有必要对处置当今存在的，可能在未来的燃料循环中产生的联合国基金会和高级别废物的替代概念进行调查。国际上已经对联合国基金会和高级别废物在各种地质介质中的处置情况进行了调查。美国和其他国家已经取得了相当大的进步，但是知识上的差距仍然存在。美国国家实验室参加了这些计划，并在有限的程度上进行了与这些问题有关的研发。但是，自1980年代中期以来，一项研究各种存储，地质介质和处置概念的综合性R＆D计划就不再是美国废物管理计划的一部分，因为该计划专注于丝兰山遗址。 UFDC正在使用一种系统的方法来开发和执行这样一个全面的R＆D计划，以识别潜在的R＆D机会。本文介绍了UFDC用于确定研发机会并确定其优先级的过程。美国能源部已经与其他国家在许多不同的“领域”中进行了合作，包括经济合作与发展组织（OECD）中的核能机构（NEA），国际原子能机构（IAEA）以及通过双边与其他国家的协议。通过获取和交换信息，数据库开发以及其他国家的专家进行的同行评审，这些国际活动使DOE受益匪浅。 UFDC认识到其他国家/地区的计划已在理解广泛的地质环境方面取得了重大进展，因此制定了一项持续，扩大的国际合作战略。本文还介绍了此策略。

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