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GPS Integrity Architecture Opportunities

机译：GPS完整性架构的机会

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The Global Positioning System (GPS) integrityarchitecture forms the basis for several GPS integrityaugmentation systems, most notably, the Wide AreaAugmentation System (WAAS), Receiver-basedAutonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and itsproposed extension the Advanced RAIM (ARAIM). Thispaper surveys several opportunities to increase theintegrity of GPS. These opportunities are accompaniedby the motivation to use the increased integrity to increasethe performance of ARAIM and WAAS. Some of theseopportunities already exist today, like taking credit for theGPS a priori failure rates determined by Integrity FailureModes and Effects Analysis (IFMEA). Some are part ofthe current GPS program evolution, while others could beincorporated into the later stages of the GPS Ⅲ satellitesand the Next Generation Operational Control System(OCX) programs.The current level of GPS constellation integrityperformance is better than 1×10~(-4) per hour for theprobability of unalerted misleading signal information(UMSI) with the assumption that there are 10 satellites inview. This is based on the U.S. Government commitmentto maintain an integrity performance level of better thanor equal to 1×10~(-5) per hour per satellite UMSI probability as documented in the Global Positioning System StandardPositioning Service Performance Standard. Beyond thisminimum “threshold” level of integrity performance,there is also an “objective” level of integrity performancespecified in requirements documents for the GPS Ⅲsatellites and OCX. This objective level of integrityperformance is three orders of magnitude better than thethreshold level of integrity performance. If the objectivelevel of integrity performance of 1 × 10~(-7) per hourprobability of UMSI assuming 10 GPS Ⅲ satellites usedin the position solution (i.e., probability of 1 × 10~(-8) perhour per satellite, allocated between the space and controlsegments) were eventually achieved, then WAAS andRAIM/ARAIM would no longer be needed to provideadditional integrity assurance for the aviation user. Ourprevious paper [1] explored this core GPS Ⅲ IntegrityConcept, where the objective level of integrityperformance is provided entirely within the GPS system.The objective level of core GPS Ⅲ integrity, however,will only come at a substantial cost in technical andprogrammatic difficulty and requires the full GPSconstellation to be repopulated with high integrity GPSIII+ satellites. This paper suggests that it may be beneficial to examine the viability of an incrementalapproach to improving GPS integrity to points in betweenthe threshold and objective levels so as to gain eithercorresponding improvements in WAAS performance andRAIM/ARAIM capability or – perhaps more importantly– corresponding reductions in WAAS and ARAIMcomplexity and cost.
机译：全球定位系统（GPS）完整性 架构构成多种GPS完整性的基础 增强系统，最显着的是广域网 增强系统（WAAS），基于接收器 自治完整性监控（RAIM）及其 建议扩展高级RAIM（ARAIM）。这 纸质调查增加了 GPS的完整性。这些机会伴随着 通过使用增加的完整性来增加动机 ARAIM和WAAS的性能。其中一些 今天已经存在机会，例如为 GPS先验故障率由完整性故障确定 模式和效果分析（IFMEA）。有些是 当前的GPS程序演变，而其他的则可能是 纳入GPSⅢ卫星的后期阶段 和下一代操作控制系统 （OCX）程序。 当前水平的GPS星座完整性 性能优于每小时1×10〜（-4） 保持不变的误导性信号信息的概率 （UMSI），假设其中有10颗卫星 看法。这是基于美国政府的承诺 保持更好的完整性表现水平 或等于全球定位系统标准中记录的每颗卫星UMSI每小时每小时1×10〜（-5） 定位服务绩效标准。超出此 完整性表现的最低“阈值”水平， 完整性表现也有一个“客观”水平 GPSⅢ的要求文件中有规定 卫星和OCX。这个客观的诚信水平 性能比 完整性表现的阈值水平。如果目标 每小时1×10〜（-7）的完整性表现水平 假设使用10颗GPSⅢ卫星的UMSI概率 位置解中的概率（即每个概率为1×10〜（-8） 每颗卫星的小时数，在空间和控制权之间分配 细分）最终实现，然后WAAS和 不再需要RAIM / ARAIM来提供 为航空用户提供额外的完整性保证。我们的 先前的论文[1]探索了GPSⅢ完整性这一核心 观念，客观的诚信水平 性能完全在GPS系统内提供。 然而，核心GPSⅢ完整性的客观水平 只会在技术和技术上付出巨大的代价 编程难度，需要完整的GPS 星座将重新填充高完整性GPS III +颗卫星。本文建议，检查增量产品的可行性可能是有益的。 改善GPS完整性的方法 阈值和客观水平，以便获得 WAAS性能的相应改进，以及 RAIM / ARAIM能力，或者-更重要的是 – WAAS和ARAIM的相应减少 复杂性和成本。

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