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The Application of Stereo Geometry Close Range Photogrammetry for Topographic Profiling

机译：立体几何近距离摄影测量技术在地形剖析中的应用

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Topographic profiling is a cross-section drawing of a topographical feature, drawn between two points or within the same axis defined from one particular point. It is widely used for many purposes, including but not limited to, civil engineering, construction, and geology. Conventionally, it is measured by using a level or Electronic Total Station (ETS), by measuring the height and distance of every height interval, depending on the scale of the resulting drawing required. This method essentially models the real world into a set of points, and while this may be enough for most applications, sometimes a more detailed profile is required. For instance, a more detailed profile can be useful in the calculation of earth volume to be digged and/or filled in construction or mining works. Close range photogrammetry can be used to generate a dense point cloud which may be used to create a large scale DEM, which can then be cross-sectioned between two points to create a profile similar to the one drawn by conventional means, but with more details. This method employs an image matching algorithm which determines thousands of tie points between overlapping photos. The positions of these points are then calculated using the bundle adjustment method, resulting in a point cloud. In this paper, close range photogrammetry will be performed following the stereo geometry commonly used in aerial photogrammetry. Data acquisition with this method only requires the photographing of the terrain, and measurement of a few control points previously determined. The software used is Agisoft Photoscan for the point cloud and DEM generation and GlobalMapper for the profile drawing and further analysis. A study case was performed on a strip of sidewalk in Bandung city which has greatly deteriorated, and therefore is expected to demonstrate the use of this method more dramatically. The results from this research may be used for sidewalk reparation and/or planning and design.
机译：地形轮廓图是在两个点之间或从一个特定点定义的同一轴内绘制的地形特征的横截面图。它被广泛用于许多目的，包括但不限于土木工程，建筑和地质。通常，它是通过使用水平仪或电子全站仪（ETS）来测量的，具体方法是根据所需结果图形的比例，通过测量每个高度间隔的高度和距离来进行测量。这种方法从本质上将现实世界建模为一组点，尽管这对于大多数应用程序可能已经足够，但有时需要更详细的配置文件。例如，更详细的轮廓可用于计算要在建筑或采矿工作中挖掘和/或填充的土方量。近距离摄影测量法可用于生成密集点云，该密集点云可用于创建大规模DEM，然后可以在两点之间进行剖切以创建类似于通过常规方式绘制的轮廓的轮廓，但具有更多详细信息。该方法采用图像匹配算法，该算法确定重叠照片之间的数千个联系点。然后使用束调整方法计算这些点的位置，从而形成点云。在本文中，将按照航空摄影测量中常用的立体几何图形进行近距离摄影测量。用这种方法进行数据采集仅需拍摄地形，并测量先前确定的几个控制点。使用的软件是用于点云和DEM生成的Agisoft Photoscan，以及用于轮廓图绘制和进一步分析的GlobalMapper。在万隆市一条人行道上进行了一个研究案例，该行人道已经严重恶化，因此有望更显着地证明这种方法的使用。这项研究的结果可用于人行道的修复和/或规划和设计。

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