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首页> 外文会议>International conference on environmental odour monitoring and control >Case Study: a Comparison of Predicted Odour Exposure Levels in Barcelona using CALPUFF Lite, CALPUFF NoObs and CALPUFF Hybrid Model
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Case Study: a Comparison of Predicted Odour Exposure Levels in Barcelona using CALPUFF Lite, CALPUFF NoObs and CALPUFF Hybrid Model

机译：案例研究：使用CALPUFF Lite，CALPUFF NoObs和CALPUFF混合模型对巴塞罗那预测的气味暴露水平进行比较

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The use of general purpose steady state Gaussian models (e.g. AERMOD) for predicting Odour exposure levels around the vicinity of an industrial site has been considered an accepted practice for many countries around the world for more than a decade now. This tendency has been reduced lately in Southern Europe due the widely known shortcomings of steady-state plume models to accurately assess dispersion under a range of 'complex' conditions (e.g. topography; coastal flows, calm and stable conditions; cold flows; heterogeneous land usage). In such circumstances, there is a real danger that odour impact risk can be either under or overestimated, which has a substantial influence on the development of pragmatic, cost efficient odour mitigation management. Environmental consultancies in Spain have started using CALPUFF, a US EPA guideline model as an alternative means to provide a more effective way of simulating these complex conditions. The main difference in the applications of the model among Environmental professionals in Spain seems to be the types of meteorological data inputs to the CALPUFF model. In the experience of the authors three types of met data are commonly used to drive CALPUFF in Spain: single station AERMOD observational met data, CALMET gridded windfields produced with TAPM derived surface and upper air files, and CALMET gridded windfields produced with a combination of observational data and TAPM derived surface and upper air files. These configurations are commonly named as: CALPUFF 'Lite' (AERMOD surface and upper air met data), CALPUFF 'NoObs' (3D windfields produced with prognostic met data only), and CALPUFF 'Hybrid' (3D windfields produced by CALMET with blended prognostic and observational met data). This paper evaluates how predictions with each met data type compare for odour assessment purposes for a complex study site, and whether the use of any of the met data sets offers any advantage in gaining a better understanding of odour exposure and impact risk. The modelled odour impact was validated by means of "Odour ambient measurements" using German standard VDI 3940. According to the German standard VDI 3940 Part 1, a group of trained Olfactory panellists, selected in compliance to Olfactometry standard EN 13725, observes the odour impression at a given measurement grid surrounding an emitting site. This statistical approach gives a reasonable impression of the odour impact in the vicinity of an emitting site and can be correlated to the Odour plume extent. The results of this case study provide a compelling case to use a mix of TAPM met data, and surface observational met data to define odour management requirements and assess regulatory compliance.
机译：十多年来，使用通用稳态高斯模型（例如AERMOD）来预测工业场所附近的气味暴露水平已被世界上许多国家接受。这种趋势最近在南欧得到了缓解，原因是众所周知，稳态羽状流模型无法准确评估一系列“复杂”条件（例如，地形;沿海流量，平静和稳定的条件;寒冷流量;异质土地利用）下的分散性。 ）。在这种情况下，确实存在气味影响风险可能被低估或高估的真正危险，这对实用，成本有效的气味缓解管理的发展产生了重大影响。西班牙的环境咨询公司已开始使用CALPUFF（一种美国EPA指南模型）作为替代方法，以提供一种更有效的方法来模拟这些复杂条件。在西班牙的环境专业人士中，该模型的应用之间的主要差异似乎是向CALPUFF模型输入的气象数据的类型。根据作者的经验，在西班牙通常会使用三种类型的气象数据来驱动CALPUFF：单站AERMOD观测气象数据，使用TAPM导出的地面和高空文件生成的CALMET网格风场，以及结合观测数据生成的CALMET网格风场。数据和TAPM导出的地面和高空文件。这些配置通常被命名为：CALPUFF'Lite'（AERMOD表面和高空气象数据），CALPUFF'NoObs'（仅具有预后气象数据的3D风场）和CALPUFF'Hybrid'（由CALMET混合预后的3D风场）和观测气象数据）。本文评估了如何针对复杂研究站点的气味评估目的，比较每种气象数据类型的预测，以及使用任何气象数据集是否对更好地了解气味暴露和影响风险具有任何优势。使用德国标准VDI 3940通过“气味环境测量”对建模的气味影响进行了验证。根据德国标准VDI 3940第1部分，一组训练有素的嗅觉小组成员根据嗅觉测定标准EN 13725进行了选择，观察到的气味印象在围绕发射点的给定测量网格处。这种统计方法给人以排放场所附近气味影响的合理印象，并且可以与气味羽流程度相关。该案例研究的结果提供了一个令人信服的案例，可以使用TAPM气象数据和表面观测气象数据的混合物来定义气味管理要求并评估法规遵从性。

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