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首页> 外文会议>Annual conference of the International Society of Exposure Science >Cumulative Health Impacts of Air Quality and Sociai Vulnerability on Cardiopulmonarv Health: Results from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin
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Cumulative Health Impacts of Air Quality and Sociai Vulnerability on Cardiopulmonarv Health: Results from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin

机译：空气质量和社会脆弱性对心肺健康的累积健康影响：威斯康星州健康调查的结果

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Background: Despite calls for improved cumulative risk assessments, there are a limited empirical data to support integration of data on both chemical mixtures and non-chemical stressors available to regulators. Recently, the US EPA reduced National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for annual ambient PM2.5 from 15 to 12 ug/m3 and epidemiologic studies of the effectiveness of these standards in light of social vulnerability are needed. Aims: Study the distribution of low-level chronic air quality (PM2.5 and ozone) with poor lung function and adverse cardiovascular events (i.e., cardiopulmonary health (CPH)) in a population-based sample and examine interactions with non-chemical stressors (socio-demographic and psychosocial factors). Methods: Social and built environment determinants of CPH were measured in 2479 adults 21-74 from the Survey of the Health of Wisconsin. Annual average county-level monitoring and hierarchical Bayesian estimates (36 km grid) of PM2.5 and Ozone were linked using GIS. Associations between CPH and annual air quality estimates and interactions with education, income, depression, anxiety, stress, discrimination and life events were explored while adjusting for confounders (age, gender, race/ethnicity, body-mass index or smoking status). Results: Overall, chronic air-quality exposures at levels below current standards were not associated with significant decreases in markers of CPH risk (FEV1, blood-pressure, cholesterol, leukocyte counts). The effect of PM2.5 on FEV1 (l/ug/m3)in the entire sample was not significant (-.03, p＜.08). In stratified analyses, no significant effect was found among participants with greater than high school education (-.02, p＜0.35) but a significant association among those with less than high school education was observed (-.08, p＜.04). Conclusions: Findings underscore the potential for increased health risks to vulnerable sub-populations. Non-chemical stressors must be considered in cumulative risk assessment in order for standards to be fully protective and address persistent health disparities.
机译：背景：尽管呼吁改进累积风险评估，但经验数据有限，无法为监管机构提供有关化学混合物和非化学应激源的数据整合。最近，美国环保局将年度环境PM2.5的国家环境空气质量标准（NAAQS）从15 ug / m3降低到12 ug / m3，并且需要针对社会脆弱性对这些标准的有效性进行流行病学研究。目的：研究以人群为基础的样本中低水平的慢性空气质量（PM2.5和臭氧）的分布，这些空气具有差的肺功能和不良心血管事件（即心肺健康（CPH）），并检查与非化学应激源的相互作用（社会人口统计学和社会心理因素）。方法：根据威斯康星州健康调查，在2479名21-74岁的成年人中测量了CPH的社会和建筑环境决定因素。使用GIS将PM2.5和臭氧的县级年度平均监测和贝叶斯分级估算（36公里网格）联系起来。在调整混杂因素（年龄，性别，种族/民族，身体质量指数或吸烟状况）的同时，探索了CPH与年度空气质量估计之间的关联以及与教育，收入，抑郁，焦虑，压力，歧视和生活事件的相互作用。结果：总体而言，低于当前标准的长期空气质量暴露与CPH风险指标（FEV1，血压，胆固醇，白细胞计数）的显着降低无关。整个样品中PM2.5对FEV1（l / ug / m3）的影响不显着（-.03，p ＜.08）。在分层分析中，高中文化程度以上的参与者没有发现显着影响（-.02，p ＜0.35），但高中文化程度以下的参与者之间却有显着的联系（-.08，p ＜.04）。 。结论：研究结果强调了易受伤害的亚人群健康风险增加的可能性。在累积风险评估中必须考虑使用非化学应激源，以使标准得到充分保护并解决持续存在的健康差异。

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