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首页> 外文会议>Annual conference of the International Society of Exposure Science >Secondhand smoke exposure in Latin America: measuring air nicotine to advance smoke-free environments
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Secondhand smoke exposure in Latin America: measuring air nicotine to advance smoke-free environments

机译：拉丁美洲二手烟暴露：测量空气尼古丁以改善无烟环境

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Background: Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) remains a major global health problem. In Latin America, Objective SHS monitoring conducted in the last 10 years has contributed to document levels of SHS exposure, supporting the enactment of smoke-free legislation in several countries, evaluating the level of compliance with the legislation, and comparing the results with studies from other regions. Aims: To discuss the use of air nicotine monitoring in public places to advance smoke-free environments in Latin America. Methods: Between 2002-2005 we measured air nicotine concentrations in public places from 1 countries in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Honduras, Guatemala, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay) using a standardized protocol. The following public places were evaluated: schools, hospitals, government buildings, airports, restaurants and bars. The same protocol was again implemented in Uruguay and Guatemala after the passing of smok free legislations and in Chile after the passing of a partial smoking ban legislation. Results: SHS exposure was widespread in Latin America at the beginning of the 21st century, including hospitals and government buildings. Air nicotine concentrations were highest in restaurant and bars. In Uruguay and Guatemala, air nicotine concentrations were markedly decreased after the implementation of smoke-free legislation, although there was room for additional enforcement in some venues. In Chile, air nicotine concentrations remained practically unchanged after the enactment of a partial legislation except in venues with voluntary smoke-free policies. Conclusion: Similar to other regions of the world, Objective SHS monitoring was a useful tool in support of and in the evaluation of smoke-free legislations in Latin-America. Additional efforts are needed to protect the population from SHS exposure in public and private places.
机译：背景：二手烟（SHS）仍然是全球主要的健康问题。在拉丁美洲，过去10年中进行的客观SHS监测有助于记录SHS暴露水平，支持多个国家制定无烟法规，评估法规的遵守程度，并将结果与​​来自以下国家的研究进行比较其他地区。目的：讨论在公共场所使用空气尼古丁监测以促进拉丁美洲的无烟环境。方法：在2002年至2005年之间，我们使用标准化协议测量了拉丁美洲1个国家（阿根廷，巴西，智利，哥斯达黎加，洪都拉斯，危地马拉，墨西哥，巴拿马，巴拉圭，秘鲁，乌拉圭）公共场所的空气尼古丁浓度。对以下公共场所进行了评估：学校，医院，政府大楼，机场，饭店和酒吧。在通过无烟立法之后，在乌拉圭和危地马拉再次实施了相同的议定书，在部分吸烟立法通过后，在智利再次实施了相同的议定书。结果：21世纪初，拉丁美洲的SHS暴露十分普遍，包括医院和政府大楼。饭店和酒吧的空气中尼古丁浓度最高。在乌拉圭和危地马拉，实施了无烟立法后，空气中尼古丁的浓度显着下降，尽管在某些场所还有进一步执法的余地。在智利，除有自愿无烟政策的场所外，制定了部分立法后，空气中尼古丁的浓度实际上保持不变。结论：与世界其他地区相似，客观的SHS监测是支持和评估拉丁美洲无烟法规的有用工具。需要采取额外的措施来保护人们，使其免受公共和私人场所的SHS危害。

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