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Solar plant modeling impacts on distribution systems PV case study

机译：太阳能厂对分配系统的影响影响PV案例研究

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With the vast increase of distributed energy resources (DER) on utility systems not only due to renewable portfolio standard requirements but also the potential to delay distribution upgrade expenditures, the distribution engineer is confronted with the very challenging task of fulfilling the scope of a system impact study to determine if there exists potential for the DER to create any adverse operational or voltage issues, both now and in the future as system changes occur. Fortunately, there are industry standards and guides that describe how to fulfill the technical study requirements with some step-by-step guidance. The complexity of the system impact study also depends heavily upon the type and size of DER, its operating modes. An all-encompassing study might cover a vast number of areas with just a few of these being voltage and stability analysis, harmonics, transients, distribution system protection, and DER relaying requirements. Predicting PV generation profiles for different seasons and hours of the day rests heavily on the plant design and layout. Ways to determine those load levels will be discussed. Distribution system and PV inverter modeling complexities will be presented, along with why they are important for impact studies. An actual field installation of a large PV plant will be used to evaluate some distribution system impact issues, with a focus on loading scenarios and voltages. Various operating modes of inverters will be discussed with focus on how they may help or hinder the operation of the system. These operating modes and their effects on voltage regulating device interactions will be presented to demonstrate how more commonly used regulator control settings without DER may cause voltage violations with DER.
机译：随着公用事业系统上的分布式能源资源（DER）的巨大增加，不仅是由于可再生的组合标准要求，而且延迟分配升级支出的可能性，配送工程师面临着实现系统影响范围的非常具有挑战性的任务在系统变化发生时，研究要确定是否存在潜在的潜力，以便现在和将来都有不利的操作或电压问题。幸运的是，有些行业标准和指南描述了如何通过一些逐步的指导来满足技术研究要求。系统影响研究的复杂性也在很大程度上取决于DER的类型和大小，其操作模式。一个全包的研究可能涵盖了广大领域，只需几个电压和稳定性分析，谐波，瞬变，分配系统保护和中继要求。预测不同季节的光伏生成型材以及一天的时间余地搁置在植物设计和布局上。将讨论确定这些负载级别的方法。将提出分配系统和PV逆变器建模复杂性，以及为什么它们对影响研究很重要。大型光伏工厂的实际现场安装将用于评估一些分布系统的影响问题，重点是加载方案和电压。将重点讨论各种操作模式的逆变器，专注于它们如何帮助或阻碍系统的操作。这些操作模式及其对电压调节装置交互的影响将展示，以演示没有DER的常用调节器控制设置可能会导致DER的电压违规。

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