This study aims to investigate the optimal spacing of the counting stations in order to get more detailed and useful traffic information (e.g. speed, density, occupancy, and flow rates.) on high-volume highways. Assuming the detector as a server in a one-queue system, and the maximum number of vehicles between two consecutive detectors as the buffer, the layout problem then converts to find out the finite buffer capacity of the queue system. Therefore, the M/M/1/K queuing model with Poisson arrival processes and exponentially distributed service time was chosen to solve the above problems. The analysis shows that two factors, such as the blocking probability and the traffic intensity, affect the value of the buffer size. The queue model can best describe the optimal spacing of the counting stations under high traffic volume conditions, especially when the traffic intensity varies from 0.6 to 0.85. In addition, after determining the layout spacing of detectors, the problems regarding using traffic volume data collected by these detectors to estimate the traffic states was equally considered. The results indicate that our methods can estimate traffic states more intuitively and conveniently.
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机译：这项研究旨在调查计数站的最佳间距，以便在大容量公路上获得更详细和有用的交通信息（例如速度，密度，占用率和流率）。假设检测器是单队列系统中的服务器，并且两个连续检测器之间的最大车辆数作为缓冲区，那么布局问题将转换为队列系统的有限缓冲区容量。因此，选择了具有Poisson到达过程和指数分布服务时间的M / M / 1 / K排队模型来解决上述问题。分析表明，阻塞概率和流量强度这两个因素会影响缓冲区大小的值。队列模型可以最好地描述在高交通量条件下计数站的最佳间距，特别是在交通强度从0.6到0.85变化时。另外，在确定了检测器的布局间隔之后，同样考虑了关于使用由这些检测器收集的交通量数据来估计交通状态的问题。结果表明，我们的方法可以更直观，更方便地估算交通状况。
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