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首页> 外文会议>Human Factors and Ergonomics Society;Human Factors and Ergonomics Society annual meeting >The Effects of High Stress on Attention: A First Step Toward Triggering Attentional Narrowing in Controlled Environments
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The Effects of High Stress on Attention: A First Step Toward Triggering Attentional Narrowing in Controlled Environments

机译：高压力对注意力的影响：在受控环境中触发注意变窄的第一步

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Attentional narrowing – the involuntary reduction in the range of cues that can be utilized by an individual – represents a major threat in many complex data-rich domains. Still, very little empirical research has been conducted to better understand and overcome the problem, in large part because it is difficult to reliably induce the phenomenon in controlled settings. The present study examined the effectiveness of two factors – high attentional load and ego-threat - for inducing high levels of stress and attentional narrowing in the context of a simplified air traffic control (ATC) task. Five participants were asked to complete two simultaneous noticing tasks - one presented centrally, the other in the periphery of the screen. In the high stress condition, they also had to perform a concurrent paced addition task (high attentional load) and received false feedback on their performance (ego-threat). Performance on the two main ATC tasks and the addition task was measured. Subjective ratings were collected to assess participants’ anxiety levels. High attentional load and ego-threat increased participants’ anxiety level. Overall, performance on the ATC tasks suffered slightly during high stress, suggesting a reduction in the spread of attention. Also, performance on the addition was significantly reduced when performed concurrently with the ATC tasks, as compared to the training phase. The findings from this study represent an important step towards being able to induce and study attentional narrowing systematically and to develop countermeasures to this significant safety threat.
机译：在许多复杂的，数据丰富的域中，注意范围的缩小（个人可以随意使用的提示范围的缩小）是一个主要威胁。但是，为了更好地理解和克服该问题，进行了很少的实证研究，这在很大程度上是因为难以在受控环境中可靠地诱发该现象。本研究研究了两个因素-高注意负荷和自我威胁-在简化空中交通管制（ATC）任务中引起高压力和注意范围缩小的有效性。要求五名参与者同时完成两项注意任务-一项集中提出，另一项在屏幕外围。在高压力条件下，他们还必须执行并发的有节奏的加法任务（高注意力负荷），并收到有关其表现的错误反馈（自我威胁）。测量了两个主要的ATC任务和附加任务的性能。收集主观评分来评估参与者的焦虑程度。高注意力负荷和自我威胁增加了参与者的焦虑程度。总体而言，在高压力下，ATC任务的绩效略有下降，这表明注意力分散程度有所降低。而且，与培训阶段相比，与ATC任务同时执行时，添加的性能显着降低。这项研究的发现是朝着能够系统地诱导和研究注意范围缩小以及针对这一重大安全威胁制定对策的重要一步。

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