Problem Solving when Procedure Conditions Are Not Met: Using Procedure-Automation Software for Support

机译：未满足过程条件时的问题解决：使用过程自动化软件进行支持

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Procedures and software for procedure execution are widely used in many work domains, and they supportfluent performance in well-understood tasks. However, over-reliance on procedures can create challengeswhen the conditions assumed by procedures are not met. It is desirable for people to be able to use thesame software to problem-solve when procedure conditions are not met as well as execute the proceduresfluently when these conditions are met. We provide a detailed case study in a complex aerospace domainidentifying strategies participants used to problem-solve when procedure conditions were not met. Ourparticipants used software (called PRIDE) that was designed for fluent execution of electronic procedures,successfully for problem-solving as well. We develop strategy-level coding, and the construct of a planningset as part of strategy definition, used to code participant data. Further research will analyze and developthe resources needed to support problem solving as well as routine execution during operation.

机译：用于过程执行的过程和软件已在许多工作领域中广泛使用，并且它们支持在易于理解的任务中表现出色。但是，过度依赖程序会带来挑战当不满足程序所假定的条件时。人们希望能够使用当不满足过程条件以及执行过程时，使用相同的软件来解决问题满足这些条件时可以流利。我们提供了复杂航空领域的详细案例研究确定不符合流程条件时参与者用来解决问题的策略。我们的参与者使用了旨在流畅执行电子程序的软件（称为PRIDE），也成功地解决了问题。我们开发策略级别的编码，并制定计划设置为策略定义的一部分，用于对参与者数据进行编码。进一步的研究将分析和发展支持解决问题以及在操作过程中例行执行所需的资源。

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《Human Factors and Ergonomics Society;Human Factors and Ergonomics Society annual meeting》|2015年|294-288|共5页
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Dorrit Billman; Debra Schreckenghost; Sabrina Billinghurst;
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7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

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Problem Solving when Procedure Conditions Are Not Met: Using Procedure-Automation Software for Support

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