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Algorithm as a Scientific Weltanschauung

机译:作为科学世界观的算法

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The idea of the algorithm, present in the work of Euclid, Archimedes, and Al Khorizmi, and formalized by Alan Turing only eight decades ago, underlies much of the realm of science - physical, life, or social. Algorithmic processes are present in the great objects of scientific inquiry - the cell, the universe, the market, the brain - as well as in the models developed by scientists over the centuries for studying them. During the past quarter century this algorithmic point of view has helped make important progress in science, for example in statistical physics through the study of phase transitions in terms of the convergence of Markov chain Monte carlo algorithms, and in quantum mechanics through the lens of quantum computing. In this talk I will recount a few more instances of this mode of research. Algorithmic considerations, as well as ideas from computational complexity, revealed a conceptual flaw in the solution concept of Nash equilibrium ubiquitous in economics. In the study of evolution, a new understanding of century-old questions has been achieved through purely algorithmic ideas. Finally, current work in theoretical neu-roscience suggests that the algorithmic point of view may be invaluable in the central scientific question of our era, namely understanding how behavior and cognition emerge from the structure and activity of neurons and synapses.
机译:该算法的思想出现在Euclid,Archimedes和Al Khorizmi的著作中,仅在八十年前才由Alan Turing正式提出,它是科学领域的基础-物理,生命或社会。算法过程存在于科学探究的重要对象中,包括细胞,宇宙,市场,大脑,以及科学家为研究它们而开发了多个世纪的模型。在过去的四分之一世纪中,这种算法的观点已在科学领域取得了重要进展,例如在统计物理学中,通过研究基于马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗算法的收敛的相变,以及在通过量子透镜的量子力学中,计算。在本次演讲中,我将介绍这种研究模式的更多实例。算法方面的考虑以及计算复杂性的思想揭示了经济学中普遍存在的纳什均衡解决方案概念上的概念缺陷。在进化研究中,通过纯粹的算法思想已经对百年历史的问题有了新的认识。最后,目前在理论神经科学研究中的工作表明,算法观点在我们时代的核心科学问题中可能是无价的,即了解行为和认知如何从神经元和突触的结构和活动中出现。

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    《》|2016年|XVI-XVI|共1页
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    Christos Papadimitriou;

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