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首页> 外文会议>Annual conference of the International Society of Exposure Science >Cancer Prevention in the Fire Service: Exposure Assessment, Toxic Effects and Risk Management
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Cancer Prevention in the Fire Service: Exposure Assessment, Toxic Effects and Risk Management

机译：消防部门的癌症预防：暴露评估，毒性影响和风险管理

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Cancer is a leading cause of fire service morbidity and mortality. Exposure to carcinogens occurs through skin contamination, through the lungs when respiratory protection is not worn during all phases of fire suppression and overhaul, and through inhalation during standby, operation of apparatus and off-gassing of equipment. In addition to fire smoke, diesel exhaust exposure can occur from operation of apparatus at the fire ground and in the station. Since cancer has a long latency period between exposure and disease onset, measurements are needed that can determine the effectiveness of new interventions on a much shorter time interval. The purpose of the current research is to identify effective methods of reducing firefighter exposure to carcinogens and associated toxic effects through completion of the following specific aims: 1) Evaluate exposure to carcinogens throughout the work shift; 2) Measure biomarkers of carcinogenic effect in relation to workplace exposures; and 3) Within a risk management framework, test the effectiveness of interventions to reduce fire service carcinogen exposure and effects. In this ongoing study collaborative study with the Tucson Fire Department (TFD), exposure to particulates and volatile chemicals is being measured at the fireground and in-transit, as well as diesel particulate matter during responses and in the fire station. Urine collected during annual medical surveillance evaluations and post-fireground activities is being analyzed for chemical contaminants. Epigenetic biomarkers of carcinogenic effect will be analyzed at baseline in incumbent firefighters and new recruits, and repeated after 1-2 years in the same new recruits. Based on initial exposure monitoring, exposure reduction interventions will be put in place by TFD, and the extent to which firefighter chemical exposures and biomarkers of effect can be reduced by following these risk management steps will be determined. We anticipate that the proposed research will identify carcinogenic exposures throughout the fire shift and measure the effectiveness of interventions designed to reduce cancer risks.
机译：癌症是消防事故和死亡的主要原因。致癌物的暴露是通过皮肤污染，在灭火和大修的所有阶段中未佩戴呼吸保护装置时通过肺部以及在待机，设备操作和设备放气期间吸入引起的。除了着火的烟雾外，在火场和车站操作设备可能还会暴露柴油机废气。由于癌症在暴露和疾病发作之间有较长的潜伏期，因此需要进行测量以在更短的时间间隔内确定新干预措施的有效性。当前研究的目的是通过完成以下特定目标，确定减少消防员接触致癌物和相关毒性作用的有效方法：1）在整个工作班次中评估对致癌物的接触; 2）测量与工作场所接触有关的致癌作用的生物标志物; 3）在风险管理框架内，测试减少消防致癌物暴露和影响的干预措施的有效性。在这项与图森消防局（TFD）进行的合作研究中，正在测量在火场和运输途中颗粒物和挥发性化学物质的暴露情况，以及在响应期间和在消防局中的柴油颗粒物。正在对年度医疗监视评估和壁炉后活动期间收集的尿液中的化学污染物进行分析。在现役消防员和新兵中，将在基线分析致癌作用的表观遗传标记，并在1-2年后在同一名新兵中重复进行。基于最初的暴露监测，TFD将采取减少暴露的干预措施，并确定通过遵循以下风险管理步骤可减少消防员化学暴露和效果生物标志物的程度。我们预计，拟议的研究将确定整个火灾发生期间的致癌物暴露，并衡量旨在降低癌症风险的干预措施的有效性。

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