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首页> 外文会议>Annual conference of the International Society of Exposure Science >Increased oxidative potential of fine participate matter (PM2.5) in major freeways of Los Angeles, CA
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Increased oxidative potential of fine participate matter (PM2.5) in major freeways of Los Angeles, CA

机译：加利福尼亚州洛杉矶主要高速公路上的精细参与物质（PM2.5）的氧化潜力增加

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In this study an on-road sampling campaign was conducted using a mobile instrumentation platform to assess the chemical composition and oxidative potential of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on three major representative roadways environments for daily commuters in Los Angeles, including: 1) 1-110, a freeway consisting of almost exclusively light-duty vehicles (LDVs); 2) I-710, a freeway with high fraction of heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs), and; 3) Wilshire/Sunset (WS) boulevards, which are two of the busiest surface streets in Los Angeles. Sampling was also conducted at University of Southern California (USC) in an urban background site. The PM samples were analyzed for elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and elemental compositions. PM2.5 oxidative potential was quantified using two different assays: the macrophage ROS assay and the dithiothreitol (DTT) assay. Overall, higher mass fractions of the PAHs, EC, OC as well as major transition metals (i.e. Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sb, Ti, Pb and Zn) were observed in both freeways compared to surface street and urban background site. More importantly, the highest per PM mass OP levels were observed in freeways: the per PM mass ROS activity was highest at 1-110 ( μg Zymosan/ mg PM), while the per PM mass DTT activity was greatest at 1-710 and (32.35±13.26 nmol/min mg PM). The higher PM redox activity observed on freeways indicates the increased intrinsic toxicity of PM in freeways comparing to other micro environments. The DTT activity levels measured at the studied freeways were compared with the DTT activity levels reported from previous dynamometer studies, which capture only tailpipe emissions. The higher freeway DTT activity levels of measured PM in our study compared to those in dynamometer facilities illustrate the important contribution of non-tailpipe emissions (e.g. re-suspended road dust and vehicular abrasions of brake and tire wear) on the PM2.5 oxidative potential. Finding from this study will provide significant insight on PM-induced toxicity exposure to daily commuters driving in different roadway environments.
机译：在这项研究中，使用移动仪器平台进行了一次道路采样活动，以评估洛杉矶日常通勤者的三种主要代表性道路环境中的细颗粒物（PM2.5）的化学成分和氧化潜力，其中包括：1） 1-110号高速公路，几乎全部由轻型车辆（LDV）组成; 2）I-710，这是一条拥有大量重型车辆（HDV）的高速公路，并且; 3）威尔希尔（Wilshire）/日落（WS）大道，是洛杉矶最繁忙的两条地面街道。采样也是在南加州大学（USC）的城市背景下进行的。对PM样品进行了元素碳（EC），有机碳（OC），多环芳烃（PAHs）和元素组成分析。使用两种不同的测定法对PM2.5氧化电位进行定量：巨噬细胞ROS测定法和二硫苏糖醇（DTT）测定法。总体而言，在高速公路上均观察到PAHs，EC，OC以及主要过渡金属（即Al，Ba，Cu，Fe，Mn，Ni，Sb，Ti，Pb和Zn）的质量分数均高于路面和路面。城市背景网站。更重要的是，高速公路上的每PM质量OP含量最高：每PM质量ROS活性最高为1-110（μg酵母聚糖/ mg PM），而每PM质量DTT活性最高为1-710和（ 32.35±13.26 nmol / min毫克PM）。在高速公路上观察到的较高的PM氧化还原活性表明，与其他微环境相比，高速公路中PM的固有毒性增加。将在研究的高速公路上测得的DTT活性水平与以前的测功机研究报告的DTT活性水平进行了比较，后者仅捕获了排气管排放物。与测功机相比，本研究中测得的PM的高速公路DTT活性较高，这说明非尾气排放物（例如重悬的道路灰尘以及刹车和轮胎磨损的车辆擦伤）对PM2.5氧化潜力的重要贡献。这项研究的发现将为PM诱导的不同通行环境中日常通勤者暴露的毒性提供重要的见解。

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