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Anode spot threshold current of four pure metals subjected to axial magnetic field in vacuum arcs

机译：真空电弧中轴向磁场作用下四种纯金属的阳极斑点阈值电流

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High current vacuum arcs are essentially metal vapor arcs, and the contact material has a directly impact on the vacuum arcs. The objective of this paper is to experimentally determine the anode spot threshold current subjected to axial magnetic fields for four pure metals in vacuum arcs. Four pure metals are W, Mo, Cr and Fe respectively, which covers a wide range of thermal and electrical parameters. The experiments were performed in a demountable vacuum chamber, and a pair of Helmholtz coil was set in the chamber to supply axial magnetic fields. Arc current in the experiments was in a range from 2kA to 30kA at 50Hz. A high-speed charge-coupled device video camera was used to record the arc evolution through an observing window. The onset of anode spot phenomenon was determined by high-speed photographs, arc voltage and contact erosion pattern. By a combination criterion, the anode spot threshold current for different materials were presented. The results show that the thermal and electrical parameters have a significant influence on the anode spot formation and the anode spot formation has an intimate connection with anode surface heat transfer process. The results also show that the axial magnetic flux density can improve the threshold current significantly.
机译：高电流真空电弧本质上是金属蒸气电弧，并且接触材料直接对真空电弧产生影响。本文的目的是通过实验确定真空电弧中四种纯金属在轴向磁场作用下的阳极斑点阈值电流。四种纯金属分别为W，Mo，Cr和Fe，涵盖了广泛的热学和电学参数。实验是在可拆卸的真空室中进行的，在室中设置了一对亥姆霍兹线圈，以提供轴向磁场。实验中的电弧电流在50Hz时为2kA至30kA。高速电荷耦合器件摄像机用于通过观察窗口记录电弧的演变。阳极斑点现象的发生是由高速照片，电弧电压和接触腐蚀方式决定的。通过组合标准，提出了不同材料的阳极点阈值电流。结果表明，热学参数和电学参数对阳极斑的形成有显着影响，并且阳极斑的形成与阳极表面的传热过程密切相关。结果还表明，轴向磁通密度可以显着提高阈值电流。

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