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Formation and characteristics of negative stepped leaders in 4–10m long air gap discharges

机译：在4-10米长的气隙放电中形成和特性负阶梯状领导者

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Natural lightning flashes are stochastic and uncontrollable, and thus it is difficult to observe the formation process of a downward negative stepped leader (NSL) directly and in detail. In this paper, the formation processes of NSLs in controllable laboratorial long-air-gap discharge experiments were studies. First, a series of negative long-air-gap discharge experiments with scales of 4~10 m were designed and carried out. According to the observation results of these experiments, two kinds of formation processes for NSLs with different scales were presented, and several of the characteristic parameters, including the scale, the propagation velocity and the dark period, were obtained. By comparing these characteristics with that in natural flashes, the similarity between the NSLs in the simulation experiments and those in natural flashes was proved, and the actual formation of NSLs in natural flashes was deduced.
机译：自然闪电是随机且无法控制的，因此难以直接和详细地观察向下负阶梯式领导者（NSL）的形成过程。本文在可控实验室长空气间隙放电实验中的NSLS的形成过程是研究。首先，设计并进行了一系列负尺度为4〜10米的负面的长空气间隙放电实验。根据这些实验的观察结果，提出了具有不同尺度的NSL的两种形成过程，并且获得了几个特征参数，包括刻度，传播速度和暗时段。通过将这些特性与自然闪烁的比较，证明了模拟实验中NSL之间的相似性，并推导出自然闪光中NSL的实际形成。

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