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Cardiorespiratory Responses during a 30 days Expedition in Complete Autonomy in Antarctica. A Case report

机译：在南极完全自治的30天探险中，心肺反应。病例报告

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Antarctica expeditions are physiologically challenging and include possible fatalities. The overall goal was to propose new strategies for telemedicine monitoring. The specific objective was to monitor physiological parameters of explorers during 30 days complete autonomous expedition in Antarctica. A crew of 3 explorers (2 men and 1 women) were monitored continuously with an intelligent garment for heart rate (HR), breathing frequency (BF), where the Heart Rate Reserve (HRR) was calculated . Furthermore, the oral temperature was taken at baseline, the first day, end of first week, last days of the expedition progression on the Forbidden Plateau in Antarctica and the salivary Cortisol was taken at baseline, the first and last day of the expedition. Friedman was used to comparing the measurements. The different parameters results are presented in mean±standard deviation form. No significant differences were observed over time within the physiological parameters for measurements at the first day, end of first week, the last days of the expedition, and the baseline for the oral temperature (36.4±0.6°C, 36.4±0.1°C, 36.4±0.2°C, 36.7±0.3°C respectively, Chi-Square= 3.889,p=0.274), the skin temperature (34.3±0.6°C, 33.8±0.9°C, 34.6±1.5°C, 36.0±1.4°C respectively, Chi-Square= 3.6,p=0.308), HRrest (86±3bpm., 88±5bpm, 84±10bpm., 77±6bpm, respectively, Chi-Square= 2.172,p=0.537), and the Cortisol (94.4±10.9%, 89.2±26%, 46.3±41.1%.for the first day and the last day of the expedition, and the baseline respectively, Chi-Square= 3.889,p=0.274) . The workload during the first days was over the 50% HRR for more than 6 hours, classified as a hard continuous work, but the amount of time at this intensity decreased later on the expedition. However, the HR peak reach was similar (177±5 bpm the first day VS 165±3 bpm at the end of the first week VS 174±30 at the last days, Chi-Square=2.000, p=3.68.), where the BF average was 27.9±2.9 breath/min the first day. In conclusion, it appears that explorers important workload during the expedition, but the time at in high intensity decreased with the expedition to reduce the risk of "overload" and injury. Cold exposure did not appear to impact the oral temperature and the expedition anxiety on the Cortisol secretion during the expedition. However, further investigation with a bigger sample and heart rate variability analysis will need to be done to observe the possible impact of cold stress, anxiety and sleep during a polar expedition. Thus, non-invasive furtive intelligent measures appear to be a good tool to telemonitor explorers during a prolonged journey to prevent the risk of overload and injury risk.
机译：南极探险队在生理上具有挑战性，并可能造成死亡。总体目标是为远程医疗监控提出新的策略。具体目标是在南极洲完成30天的完全自主探险期间监视探险者的生理参数。用智能服装连续监测3名探险家（2名男性和1名女性）的心率（HR），呼吸频率（BF），并计算心率储备（HRR）。此外，在南极禁忌高原进行探险的第一天，第一周末，最后几天的基线温度是口服温度，而在探险的第一天和最后一天的基线温度则是唾液皮质醇。弗里德曼被用来比较测量结果。不同的参数结果以平均值±标准差的形式表示。在第一天，第一周结束，探险的最后几天以及口腔温度的基线（36.4±0.6°C，36.4±0.1°C，分别为36.4±0.2°C，36.7±0.3°C，卡方= 3.889，p = 0.274），皮肤温度（34.3±0.6°C，33.8±0.9°C，34.6±1.5°C，36.0±1.4° C，卡方= 3.6，p = 0.308），HRrest（86±3bpm。，88±5bpm，84±10bpm。，77±6bpm，卡方= 2.172，p = 0.537）和皮质醇（探险的第一天和最后一天和基线分别为94.4±10.9％，89.2±26％，46.3±41.1％。卡方= 3.889，p = 0.274）。前几天的工作量超过50％HRR超过6个小时，被归类为艰苦的连续工作，但此强度的时间在后来的探险中减少了。但是，HR峰值达到率相似（第一天末为177±5 bpm，第一周末为165±3 bpm，末日为VS 174±30，Chi-Square = 2.000，p = 3.68。）第一天的BF平均为27.9±2.9呼吸/分钟。总而言之，探险家似乎在探险期间承担了重要的工作量，但是随着探险的增加，高强度探险的时间减少了，以减少“超载”和受伤的风险。冷暴露似乎没有影响探险期间口腔温度和探险焦虑对皮质醇分泌的影响。但是，需要进行更大的样本调查和心率变异性分析，以观察极地探险期间冷压力，焦虑和睡眠的可能影响。因此，在长途旅行中，非侵入性的偷偷摸摸的智能措施似乎是远程监视探险者的一个很好的工具，可以防止过载和受伤的风险。

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