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Sociodiagnostic tools and their lookout in monitoring crews in prolonged isolations

机译：社会诊断工具及其在长时间隔离中监视人员的监视

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Long terra manned space missions represent a huge challenge. The risk of failure is immense. Significant research of a crew needs to be done before humans are sent to space for such a mission. Both individuals as well as a whole crew need to be assessed to ensure suitable conditions and good performance of humans in space. A communication represents a key teamwork process and should be assess as a part of sociodiagnostic investigation. A communication is extremely important, especially in extreme conditions such as isolated crews during a long-term spaceflight. The main aim of this study was to summarize the findings of space research studies that focused on communication in long-term isolation or confinement with the aim to capture recurring phenomena and to search for a prospective sociodiagnostic tool for assessing communication and intragroup relations of a crew. The underestimation of communication research in terms of behavioural and psychosocial aspects of crews in space research, and insufficiency of methods used within this type of research is one of the findings of the current study that should be pointed out. Communication should neither be researched only at an individual level nor aggregated data of all crew members provide enough information about crew's state. A sociodiagnostic tool that enables the visualisation of team's relations is needed. Sociomapping mainly based on sociometry was considerated as a suitable method in the field of space research of crews' psychosocial aspects. However, no method itself is without limitation. Research of a crew's dynamics should draw on combination of more methods in order to obtain significant scientific insight into the problematics of cohabitation of humans in space. Recommendations for future research as well as future plans and preliminary results gained from the Analogue Moon testing mission are presented.
机译：长期的载人航天任务代表着巨大的挑战。失败的风险是巨大的。在将人类送往太空执行此类任务之前，需要对机组人员进行重大研究。无论是个人还是整个机组都需要进行评估，以确保人类在太空中拥有合适的条件和良好的表现。沟通代表了关键的团队合作过程，应作为社会诊断调查的一部分进行评估。沟通非常重要，尤其是在极端条件下，例如长期太空飞行中孤立的机组人员。这项研究的主要目的是总结空间研究的发现，这些研究专注于长期隔离或限制中的交流，目的是捕获重复出现的现象并寻找一种前瞻性社会诊断工具，以评估机组人员的交流和群内关系。就空间研究人员的行为和心理方面而言，对传播研究的低估以及此类研究中所用方法的不足是应指出的当前研究结果之一。通信既不应仅在个人层面上进行研究，也不应该由所有机组人员的汇总数据提供有关机组状态的足够信息。需要一种能够使团队关系可视化的社会诊断工具。在乘员心理社会方面的空间研究领域，主要基于社会计量学的社会制图被认为是一种合适的方法。但是，没有一种方法本身是没有限制的。对机组动力学的研究应借鉴更多方法的结合，以便获得对人类在太空中同居问题的科学认识。提出了对未来研究的建议，未来计划以及从“模拟月球”飞行任务中获得的初步结果。

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