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Systems engineering decision-making: Optimizing and/or satisficing?

机译：系统工程决策：优化和/或满足？

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摘要

Not all systems are the same: consequently they need different management approaches. The varied typology of systems is not always universally recognized. One way in which systems can vary is in terms of complexity; and there is increasing awareness about growing complexity in systems across a number of literature domains. Complexity is now an evolving topic in systems engineering (SE). However, traditional SE has tended to address all systems with the same approach, moving from the premise that activities and their interrelationships are linear and measurable. Recently there has been a paradigm shift in the way systems are understood, with the recognition of their nonlinear and emergent properties. Traditionally optimization has been the primary method of decision-making. When dealing with complexity, true optimization is not always possible: therefore satisficing was introduced. Selecting and applying these two very different approaches is proving to be a challenging task for engineering practitioners. This paper explores SE decision-making in dealing with different types of systems with various degrees of complexity and proposes a decision-making methodology which can assist engineering managers with the selection of optimizing versus satisficing in a given situation or problem space.
机译：并非所有系统都是相同的：因此，它们需要不同的管理方法。各种类型的系统并不总是被普遍认可。系统可以变化的一种方式是复杂性。并且人们越来越意识到跨多个文献领域的系统的复杂性。复杂性现在是系统工程（SE）中不断发展的主题。但是，传统的SE倾向于以活动及其相互关系是线性且可度量的前提为出发点，从而以相同的方法解决所有系统问题。最近，随着人们对系统非线性和紧急特性的认识，人们对系统的理解发生了范式转变。传统上，优化一直是决策的主要方法。当处理复杂性时，并非总是可能进行真正的优化：因此引入了满足性。对于工程从业者来说，选择和应用这两种截然不同的方法是一项艰巨的任务。本文探讨了SE处理不同类型系统的复杂程度的决策方法，并提出了一种决策方法，可以帮助工程管理人员在给定情况或问题空间中选择优化与满意。

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