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An effective legalization algorithm for mixed-cell-height standard cells

机译：混合单元格高度标准单元格的有效合法化算法

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For circuit designs in advanced technologies, standard-cell libraries consist of cells with different heights; for example, the number of fins determines the height of cells in the FinFET technology. Cells of larger heights give higher drive strengths, but consume larger areas and power. Such mixed cell heights incur new, complicated challenges for layout designs, due mainly to the heterogeneity in cell dimensions and thus their larger solution spaces. There is not much published work on layout designs with mixed-height standard cells. This paper addresses the legalization problem of mixed-height standard cells, which intends to place cells without any overlap and with minimized displacement. We first study the properties of Abacus, generally considered the best legalization method for traditional single-row-height standard cells but criticized not suitable for handling the new challenge, analyze the capability and insufficiencies of Abacus for tackling the new problem, and remedy Abacuss insufficiencies and extend its advantages to develop an effective and efficient algorithm for the addressed problem. For example, dead spaces become a critical issue in mixed-cell-height legalization, which cannot be handled well with an Abacus variant alone. We thus derive a dead-space-aware objective function and an optimization scheme to handle this issue. Experimental results show that our algorithm can achieve the best wirelength among all published methods in reasonable running time, e.g., about 50% smaller wirelength increase than a state-of-the-art work.
机译：对于采用先进技术的电路设计，标准单元库由不同高度的单元组成。例如，鳍的数量决定了FinFET技术中单元的高度。较高高度的电池具有较高的驱动强度，但会消耗较大的面积和功率。由于单元尺寸的异质性及其更大的求解空间，这种混合的单元高度会给布局设计带来新的，复杂的挑战。对于具有混合高度标准单元的布局设计，没有多少已发表的著作。本文解决了混合高度标准单元的合法化问题，该问题旨在放置没有任何重叠且位移最小的单元。我们首先研究算盘的性质，通常认为算盘是传统单行高度标准单元格的最佳合法化方法，但批评它不适合应对新挑战，分析了算盘应对新问题的能力和不足，并纠正了算盘不足并扩展其优势，以开发出针对所解决问题的有效且高效的算法。例如，死角空间成为混合单元格高度合法化中的关键问题，仅靠算盘变体不能很​​好地解决这个问题。因此，我们得出了一个了解死空间的目标函数和一个优化方案来处理此问题。实验结果表明，在合理的运行时间内，我们的算法可以在所有已发布的方法中实现最佳的线长，例如，与最新技术相比，线长增加的幅度小约50％。

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