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Energy-saving scheduling in the 3GPP narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) using energy-aware machine-to-machine relays

机译：使用节能的机器对机器中继在3GPP窄带物联网（NB-IoT）中进行节能调度

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In this paper, a Machine to Machine (M2M) Relay mechanism is proposed to save energy consumption by reducing the number of repetition in a Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) system, which is a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) user equipment (UE) category for low-power, low-complexity and battery-powered devices. A NB-IoT system can support the access of a large number of devices ranging over a coverage area larger than the typical cell in a cellular mobile network by adopting the repetition-based transmission to increase the receiver processing gain, i.e., to increase the chance of successful data transmission. 3GPP NB-IoT RAN1 already defines that the number of repetition will binary exponentially increase when the receiving signal strength decreases. This may induce surplus repetition, i.e., unnecessary energy consumption. Moreover, for devices in the edge of a cell, the inferior radio condition will incur abundant repetitions, depleting the battery energy very quickly. Thus, by using the Machine to Machine (M2M) Relay that is already developed and defined in 3GPP standard, a novel mechanism for adequate relay UE selecting and optimal relay scheduling is proposed to effectively reduce the energy consumption but maintain the system throughput and UE QoS. The extensive simulations is executed in a setting of 1000 devices distributed according to a Poisson Point Process over a cell of the radios of 125 transmission distance units. If a UE located within a transmission distance unit to the eNB; it needs only one repetition to successfully transmit data. Simulation results show that the repetition number will drop dramatically in all simulation cases. The less number of transmitting devices, the higher saving ration of repetition. For transmitting device density 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, the repetition saving ratio is 0.7, 0.69, and 0.65 respectively. This indicating that by the proposed M2M relay scheduling mechanism, when the transmitting device density is 0.3, the system can save a huge 65% energy consumption.
机译：本文提出了一种机器对机器（M2M）中继机制，通过减少作为第三代合作伙伴计划（3GPP）用户设备的窄带物联网（NB-IoT）系统中的重复次数来节省能耗。 （UE）类别适用于低功率，低复杂度和电池供电的设备。 NB-IoT系统可以通过采用基于重复的传输来增加接收器的处理增益，即增加机会，从而支持比蜂窝移动网络中的典型小区更大的覆盖范围内的大量设备的访问。成功的数据传输。 3GPP NB-IoT RAN1已经定义，当接收信号强度降低时，重复次数将以二进制形式指数增加。这可能引起多余的重复，即不必要的能量消耗。此外，对于位于电池边缘的设备，不良的无线电条件将导致大量重复，从而非常快地消耗电池能量。因此，通过使用已经在3GPP标准中开发和定义的机器对机器（M2M）中继，提出了一种用于进行适当的中继UE选择和最佳中继调度的新颖机制，以有效降低能耗，同时保持系统吞吐量和UE QoS 。广泛的仿真是在Poisson Point Process根据125个传输距离单位的无线电单元上的1000个设备的设置中执行的。如果UE位于到eNB的传输距离单元内;它只需要重复一次就可以成功传输数据。仿真结果表明，在所有仿真情况下，重复次数都会急剧下降。发送设备的数量越少，重复的节省率越高。对于发送设备密度0.1、0.2和0.3，重复保存率分别为0.7、0.69和0.65。这表明通过提出的M2M中继调度机制，当发送设备的密度为0.3时，系统可以节省65％的巨大能耗。

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