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Rare Siblings Speed-Up Deterministic Detection and Counting of Small Pattern Graphs

机译:稀有兄弟姐妹提速确定性检测和计数小模式图

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We consider a class of pattern graphs on q ≥ 4 vertices that have q — 2 distinguished vertices with equal neighborhood in the remaining two vertices. Two pattern graphs in this class are siblings if they differ by some edges connecting the distinguished vertices. In particular, we show that if induced copies of siblings to a pattern graph in such a class are rare in the host graph then one can detect the pattern graph relatively efficiently. For example, we infer that if there are Nd induced copies of a diamond (i.e., a graph on four vertices missing a single edge to be complete) in the host graph, then an induced copy of the complete graph on four vertices, K_4, as well as an induced copy of the cycle on four vertices, C_4, can be deterministically detected in O(n~(2.75) + N_d) time. Note that the fastest known algorithm for K_4 and the fastest known deterministic algorithm for C_4 run in O(n~(3 257)) time. We also show that if there is a family of siblings whose induced copies in the host graph are rare then there are good chances to determine the numbers of occurrences of induced copies for all pattern graphs on q vertices relatively efficiently.
机译:我们考虑在q≥4个顶点上的一类模式图,在其余两个顶点中具有相等的邻域的q-2个可区分顶点。如果该类中的两个模式图之间存在连接可分辨顶点的某些边线不同,则它们是同级图。尤其是,我们表明,如果在宿主图中很少有人诱导到此类图谱的兄弟姐妹副本在宿主图中,则可以相对有效地检测到该图谱。例如,我们推断如果宿主图中存在Nd个菱形的诱导副本(即,四个顶点上的图缺少要完成的单个边的四个顶点),则可以推断出四个顶点上的完整图的诱导副本K_4,以及可以在O(n〜(2.75)+ N_d)时间内确定地检测到四个顶点C_4上的循环的诱导副本。请注意,K_4最快的已知算法和C_4最快的确定性算法在O(n〜(3 257))时间内运行。我们还表明,如果有一个兄弟姐妹家族,其宿主图中的诱导拷贝很少,那么就有很好的机会相对有效地确定q个顶点上所有模式图的诱导拷贝的出现次数。

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