A survey of research and development activities of West European utilities, manufacturers, and research institutions in the domain of expert system applications for power system control is presented. The development of 11 expert system applications in different project states, from prototype to practical use in an electric utility, is studied. Emphasis is placed on practical issues such as choice of application area, power system size, labor efforts, and choice of hardware and software. The focus is on projects for monitoring and control of power systems.
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