Models of microwave emission have generally represented vegetation as an ensemble of identical lossy scatterers characterized by global parameters, such as single-scattering albedo /spl omega/ and optical thickness /spl tau/. Representation of leaves through dielectric discs, and of trunks, branches and stems by means of cylinders to model contributions to emission has been much less frequent than in the backscatter simulation case, although it turns out to be indispensable to explain several experimental observations. The model developed at Tor Vergata University, based on radiative transfer theory and the matrix doubling method, simulates emission of both agricultural and forest canopies through the bistatic scattering functions taking also into account the geometrical properties of the single vegetation elements.
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机译：微波发射模型通常将植被表示为具有相同损耗的散射体的集合，这些散射体的特征在于全局参数，例如单散射反照率/ spl omega /和光学厚度/ spl tau /。尽管没有必要解释一些实验性的观测结果，但通过电介质盘代表叶片，通过圆柱体代表树干，树枝和茎对发射的模型影响的频率要比后向散射模拟情况要少得多。 Tor Vergata大学开发的模型基于辐射转移理论和矩阵加倍方法，通过双静态散射函数模拟了农业和森林冠层的发射，同时考虑了单个植被元素的几何特性。
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