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首页> 外文会议>Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 1995. IGARSS '95. 'Quantitative Remote Sensing for Science and Applications', International >Atmospheric composition measurements by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite
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Atmospheric composition measurements by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite

机译：通过上层大气研究卫星上的微波测深仪（MLS）进行的大气成分测量

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The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) has monitored the composition of the stratosphere and lower mesosphere for more than three years since its launch on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite in September 1991. The MLS measures thermal emission from the atmospheric limb at millimetre wavelengths and is the first limb sounder to operate at these wavelengths from space. The primary measurements are of the concentrations of O/sub 3/, ClO and water vapour and of atmospheric temperature. Secondary products which have been produced include SO/sub 2/ from volcanic injections, HNO/sub 3/, and upper tropospheric water vapour. Vertical profiles of atmospheric concentrations are retrieved from the measured radiances. Daily global maps at a number of levels in the atmosphere are produced from these profiles. Major results to date are summarised. The depletion of ozone in the Antarctic spring is illustrated with maps for 1991, 92 and 93. Maps for the Arctic are compared with corresponding maps for the Antarctic. Significant decrease in gaseous HNO/sub 3/ has been observed in the Antarctic vortex. Water vapour fields used as tracers illustrate dynamical features of the winter polar vortices and, in the tropics, show a clear semi-annual oscillation in the upper stratosphere and a modulation of the annual cycle by the quasi-biennial cycle in the lower stratosphere. At low latitudes increased SO/sub 2/ was observed following the 1991 Pinatubo volcanic eruption.
机译：自1991年9月在上层大气研究卫星上发射以来，微波四肢测深仪（MLS）一直监视平流层和低层中层层的成分超过三年。MLS测量大气肢体在毫米波长处的热辐射，它是第一肢体发声器在太空中以这些波长工作。主要测量是O / sub 3 /，ClO和水蒸气的浓度以及大气温度。已生产的次级产品包括火山喷发产生的SO / sub 2 /，HNO / sub 3 /和对流层上层水蒸气。从测得的辐射度中检索出大气浓度的垂直分布图。根据这些剖面图，可以绘制出大气中多个级别的每日全球地图。总结了迄今为止的主要成果。 1991年，92年和93年的地图说明了南极春季臭氧的消耗。将北极的地图与南极对应的地图进行了比较。在南极涡流中观察到气态HNO / sub 3 /的显着降低。用作示踪剂的水汽场说明了冬季极地涡旋的动力学特征，在热带地区，平流层上部表现出明显的半年振荡，而平流层下部则表现为准两年周期对年周期的调节。在1991年的皮纳图博火山爆发后，在低纬度地区观测到SO / sub 2 /升高。

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